陶瓷粉末與添加劑比例對3D列印陶殼模影響

Effect of the Ceramic Powder and Additive Ratio on 3D Printing Ceramic Shell Mold

蔡耿銘(Geng-Ming Cai) ； 沈忠雄(Jung-Hsiung Shen) ； 葉松瑋(Sung-Wei Yeh)

《鑄造工程學刊》 46卷4期 (2020/12) Pp. 13-22

摘要

近年來，隨著精密鑄件產品趨向複雜化、一體化及大型化應用，對於鑄件尺寸精度與表面細緻度提升需求日趨嚴苛，其中精密鑄造具有表面細緻度高、尺寸 精度佳與適用於多種合金鑄造優勢，普遍應用於航太、能源、生醫等高階產業用之小型零件開發為主。因傳統精密鑄造陶殼模鑄模製程包含開立射蠟模、反覆沾漿淋砂、乾燥、脫蠟、燒結等繁雜工序，本研究使用黏結劑噴塗（Binder jetting）3D列印技術，來達到快速造模以及解決其製程繁雜工序之問題。選擇陶瓷殼模所構成之粉末作為基材，列印出精密鑄造陶殼模，並與傳統精密鑄造陶殼模破斷強度（常溫、高溫、殘留）、高溫透氣度、孔隙率性質進行比較。列印出物件好壞結果再於陶瓷粉末選擇、黏結劑種類、列印機列印參數、燒結時間溫度；列印出之陶殼模性質需有良好高溫強度、良好高溫透氣性與低溫下良好的崩散性，本實驗混合五種陶瓷粉材、固定之添加劑配比、固定列印參數以及燒結溫度時間，成功列印出了平均常溫強度為1.26 MPa、高溫強度為8.01MPa、殘留強度為6.51 MPa、高溫平均透氣度13（10^(-3)．cm^4/gm．min）及平均孔隙率為15.67％的陶瓷殼模。

關鍵字

積層製造 ； 黏結劑噴塗 ； 陶瓷粉末 ； 精密鑄造

並列摘要

Recently, the integrated investment casting products were toward complex structure and to enlarge its size. Various metals were able to fabricate precise casting components with fine roughness and small dimensional difference. Several high level industries had been developed, such as aerospace , energy , and medical applications. The traditional ceramic moulds needs many procedures including to make wax models , dip into slurry and cover powders, drying, sintering and so on. In this study , the binder jetting was investigated to print the rapid prototype moulds to develop a few steps manufacturing process . The printed ceramic moulds were useful to control the casting quality and avoid defects forming into the products. The optimum printed quality results that successfully innovates the powder compositions with 5 compositions, binder recipes , printing conditions and sintering profiles . High functional ceramic moulds at high temperature have high strength of 8.01 MPa, residual strength of 6.51 MPa and average porosity of 15.67% with appropriate permeability of 1.3 × 10^(-2) cm^4/gm．min. After casting, it was easy to collapse due to mould strength decreased to 1.26 MP at room temperature.

並列關鍵字

3D Print ； Binder Jetting ； Ceramics Powder ； Precision Casting