Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHT) is a relative common disorder in recent decades, most of these patients are asymptomatic, except progressed and complicated ones. PHT can cause osteoporotic fracture or hypercalcemic nephrolithiasis or cholelithiasis. Femoral neck fracture induced by low energy injury is rarely occurred in patients younger than 60 years old. We are reporting a case about a 51 years old lady with femoral neck fracture, who had a history of repeated nephrolithiasis and gall bladder stone with severe osteoporosis due to parathyroid adenoma related hyperparathyroidism in Orthopedic department of Taipei Veterans General Hospital (TVGH). Her bone condition improved dramatically after resection of parathyroid tumor and orthopedic surgery. Because of this case, we concluded that if a patient with history of repeated nephrolithiasis or cholelithiasis and sustained a hip fracture after a low energy injury, parathyroid adenoma related hyperparathyroidism should be taken into consideration. Adequate blood chemistry tests should be done before surgical intervention to decrease the misdiagnoses rate, especially in asymptomatic patients.