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脫脂黃豆對大白鼠體內抗氧化物質含量及抗氧化酵素活性之影響
Effects of Defatted Soybean on Antioxidant Substances and Antioxidant Enzymes in Rats
摘要
本研究目的在探討攝取不同含量的脫脂黃豆對大白鼠體內抗氧化酵素系統是否有影響及組織中抗氧化物質含量的變化。以五週大的Wistar 大白鼠為研究對象，採隨機分成五組，分別攝取含有酪蛋白或由脫脂黃豆而來5、10、15及20%之黃豆蛋白，飼養六週後犧牲，取血漿、肝臟及紅血球進行抗氧化酵素、genistein 及α-生育醇含量、TBARS值及膽固醇含量分析。結果顯示攝取脫脂黃豆蛋白後會顯著降低血膽固醇的濃度並增加血漿及肝臟genistein的含量，但並不影響紅血球及肝臟中的麩胱甘肽含量，而攝食20%脫脂黃豆蛋白者血漿中麩胱甘?含量會顯著地增加。麩胱甘肽過氧化酶（GPx）活性在紅血球及血漿中各組間無顯著性的差異，而當攝取黃豆蛋白在10%以上時會顯著地降低肝臟的GPx活性。各組的麩胱甘肽還原酶（GR）活性在紅血球、血漿及肝臟的活性並無顯著性的差異。血漿中的TBARS值隨著脫脂黃豆攝取量增加而降低，但肝臟中TBARS的值並未隨脫脂黃豆的攝取量增加而降低。無論血漿或肝臟中，genistein的含量隨攝食脫脂黃豆增加而有增加的情形。肝臟中GPx 活性與genistein含量成負相關。以上結果顯示膳食中攝取含較高量的脫脂黃豆可能會影響體內異黃酮素含量及抗氧化酵素的活性。
並列摘要
Dietary soybean has been shown to exhibit specific biological activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various contents of defatted soy on tissue genistein level and antioxidant status in fats. Five-weeks-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups and fed diets containing various levels of soy-derived protein（5, 10, 15 or 20%, respectively）of defatted soy, and casein as a control group for 6 weeks. Rats fed the defatted soy exhibited significantly lower serum cholesterol and increased genistein levels in plasma and liver, but the glutathione contents of erythrocytes and liver were not affected. Rats fed 20% soy protein significantly increased plasma glutathione. There were no differences in the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in erythrocytes and serum among the five groups. The GPx activity in the liver was significantly reduced by the consumption of more than 10% soy protein. Glutathione reductase (GR) activities in both erythrocytes and plasma were comparable among the five groups. Plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) decreased in parallel with the increase in dietary soy protein; but hepatic TBARS didn’t decrease with an increase in soy protein intake. There was a negative correlation between GPx activity and the contents of genistein in the liver. Taken together, these results suggest that increased intake of defatted soybean in the diet might affect isoflavone contents and antioxidative enzyme activity in VIVO.