青少年對食品營養標示的認知、態度與其選購行為之關係研究

Food and Nutrition Labeling, Attitudes, and Related Purchasing Practices of Taiwanese Adolescents

林薇(Wei Lin) ； 李靜華(Ching-Hua Lee)

《中華民國營養學會雜誌》 30卷1期 (2005/06) Pp. 43-53

https://doi.org/10.6691/JCNS.200506_30(1).0006

摘要

本研究的目的在了解青少年消費者對包裝食品之食品標示（及標章）的認知、態度及相關選購行為現況及相關因素。研究採問卷調查法，研究對象為在學之國高中（職）學生；以自編之「食品標示認知測驗」、「食品標示態度量表」、及「食品標示相關選購行為量表」為研究工具。總計從36所學校72班二年級的學生回收有效問卷2564份。結果發現，青少年消費者之一般食品標示內容及食品標章的認識尚佳，但營養標示認知極差。比較每份及每100公克為單位二種標示方式，青少年在以每份為單位做營養素含量標示時，能正確利用標示計算者較多。在一般食品標示態度方面，青少年趨向於積極或肯定的態度，自陳重視之食品標示項目平均約六項，較少重視營養標示項目。青少年之一般食品標示相關選購行為尚可，但在選購或使用食品時多不會充分利用食品標示，選購時會察看之食品標示項目平均約八項，但較少察看營養標示項目。食品標示認知、態度與相關選購行為間呈現出「認知→態度→行為」的關係，即認知主要經由態度來影響行為。就學階段愈高、就學地區愈都市化、上過食品標示課程、家庭社經地位愈高者食品標示認知愈佳；女性、母親愈常察看食品標示、家庭社經地位愈低及上過食品標示課程者其食品標示態度愈正向；而父、母親愈常察看食品標示及愈常購買包裝食品者者，食品標示相關選購行為愈佳。為加強青少年對於食品標示認知、態度與相關選購行為，建議除了學校教育外亦要配台家庭及社會全面性的教育，以父母及家庭的影響力，瞭解營養對健康的影響及肯定營養標示的重要性，提升青少年購買或使用食品時察看或利用一般食品標示、營養標示及食品標章的行為。

關鍵字

食品標示 ； 認知 ； 態度 ； 選購行為

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand Taiwanese adolescents' knowledge and attitudes toward food and nutrition labels as well as related purchasing practices. In total, 2564 high school students from 36 schools completed a questionnaire which included a ”Food label knowledge test”, ”Food label attitudes scale”, and ”Food label-related purchasing practices scale.” Result showed that Taiwanese adolescents have a fair knowledge about general food labels and special food marks. However, their knowledge toward nutrition labeling was inadequate. They did not understand terms on the nutrition labels, and were not able to calculate the nutritional contents of food based on the labeled information. Adolescents showed positive attitudes toward general food labels, but cared less about the nutrition labels. They did not fully take advantage of food labels when making purchases, in particular, nutrition labels were seldom checked. A ”knowledge →attitude →practice” relationship existed among knowledge of food labels, attitudes toward food labels, and related purchasing practices. Variables related to knowledge were year in school, school location, family social and economic status, and food label classes. Variables related to attitudes were family social and economic status, food label classes, and mother's food label-reading habit. Variables related to food label-related purchasing practices were packaged food purchasing experience and parent's food label-reading habit. To enhance adolescents' knowledge of food labels, attitudes toward food labels, and related purchasing practices, school classes focusing on both food label knowledge and value are fundamental. However, the family and social environments are also important. Nutritional labels should be mandatory on all kinds of food to raise the awareness of the importance of nutrition to health, thereafter increasing the use of nutritional labels. Non-government-issued symbols should be approved by the government and clearly labeled by the issuing agency.

並列關鍵字

food labels ； nutrition labels ； knowledge ； attitudes ； purchasing practice