連續式團體教育課程對糖尿病病患飲食控制成效之探討

Continuing Group Education Programs Effects on Diabetes for Dietary Behavior Change

王柏勝(Po-Sheng Wang) ； 涂美瑜(Mei-Yu Tu) ； 林芸甄(Yun-Chen Lin) ； 邱敏甄(Ming-Cheng Chiu) ； 郭常勝(Chang-Sheng Kuo) ； 林佳蓉(Jia-Rong Lin)

《臺灣營養學會雜誌》 35卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 22-33

https://doi.org/10.6691/NSJ.201003_35(1).0003

摘要

糖尿病需長期治療與自我照護，配合紀錄飲食內容，有助評估飲食情況。本研究目的為利用連續式教育課程，觀察其對糖尿病患飲食行為改變成效之影響。研究針對糖尿病患實施連續性團體飲食教育課程及實作活動，並以知識問卷、飲食紀錄及實際操作審查進行教育成效評量，利用Wilcoxon signed-Rank test對3次活動測驗所得資料進行分析。並比較參與者課程前後血糖變化。幾乎所有病友(95.7%)至少參與2次的課程。3次課程的知識前後測有顯著差異；「如何計量食物」課程後後測與前測有顯著差異。飲食紀錄及實作教學評量分數，在多個項目均有進步。參與者課程前後血糖亦有顯著差異。研究結果顯示，連續式團體飲食教育課程可促進糖尿病患對食物分類及份量的認知，增進飲食控制能力。一段時間的飲食紀錄，亦可維持部分教育課程之知識成效。透過飲食控制及健康飲食行為的建立，可改善糖尿病患的血糖。

關鍵字

飲食行為改變 ； 連續式教育課程

並列摘要

Despite the need for long-term treatment, self-care, and dietary record adoption to help diet assessments, some problems with current assessment methods exist. In this study, we explored the effect of continuing group education programs on changes in dietary behaviors of diabetics. The effects of continuing group education programs and dietary practices on patients were appraised by knowledge questionnaires, dietary records, and practice tests, the data of which were analyzed by a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. In addition, blood sugar changes before and after the educational intervention were compared. Nearly all patients (95.7%) attended at least two classes. There was significant improvement before and after 3 classes in knowledge, food measuring, dietary record assessment scores of staple foods, descriptions of the amounts of vegetables, meat, fish, Soy, and eggs, variety choice, and cooking methods. Some improvements were made in classifying parts of fruits, fats, and oils, and dairy products; in health behaviors like eating a fixed quantity at a fixed time for 3 meals; in restricting intake of sugary drinks, foods, and juices; in increasing fiber intake; in not ingesting pickled food; and in not drinking. Food choice practice assessment scores and the patients’ blood sugar control also improved. Thos, continuing group education programs can promote cognition in food classification, amount, and diet control ability; maintain the partial effect of education on knowledge despite the short period of recording the diet; and improve diabetics' blood sugar doe to diet control and established health behaviors.

並列關鍵字

dietary behavior changes ； continuing education programs