- 期刊
- OpenAccess
綜論：我國與世界各國老年期飲食綱領與建議和健康飲食型態之研析
Review: Dietary Guidelines, Recommendations for the Elderly, and Healthy Eating Habits from Taiwan to the World
摘要
21世紀一項非常重要的全球議題是世界各國面臨的人口老化問題。為因應全球性高齡化的趨勢，世界衛生組織倡議健康老化與活躍老化，目的在增進有價值的生命延續，減輕對家庭和社會之負擔。老年期最常見的健康問題為非傳染性疾病以及老年症候群相關疾病，包括：衰弱、肌少及認知障礙等。一般而言，維持健康飲食、身體適當活動、良好的生活型態和社會參與，是促進老人健康最有效的策略，可藉此預防或延緩各種與老化相關的神經肌肉退化以及其他慢性疾病。依據營養健康調查、流行病學研究和臨床研究的證據，許多國家與地區均制定了全民飲食綱領，以促進飲食健康，有些國家更針對老年族群提出具體的飲食指導方針。本文收集整理世界各國老年期飲食綱領與探勘文獻中健康飲食型態的資料，指出現階段我國老年期飲食指標（即飲食綱領）和健康飲食型態相符，不過未來仍需要隨機對照試驗的研究實證，以確認飲食品質與健康老齡之因果關係與影響效益。
並列摘要
The most important global issue in the 21st century is the world's aging populations. In response to the global trend of aging, the World Health Organization advocates healthy aging and active aging in order to help the elderly achieve valuable longevity and alleviate burdens on the family and community. The most common health conditions in aged populations are non-communicable diseases, as well as geriatric syndromes, including frailty, sarcopenia, cognitive impairment, and so on. Health-promotion strategies for the elderly are a healthy diet, regular physical activity, a healthy lifestyle, and social participation to prevent and delay age-related neuromuscular diseases and other chronic diseases. Different countries and regions have established dietary guidelines based on nutrition surveys, epidemiological and clinical studies as well as scientific evidence for dietary and health improvements. For the elderly, a separate set of guidelines was established in some countries. In this review, based on dietary guidelines for the elderly and healthy eating patterns in various countries around the world, the data show that present dietary guidelines and healthy dietary patterns in Taiwan are aligned with those guidelines. Nevertheless, further randomized controlled trials are required to support how good dietary quality contributes to healthy aging.