乳癌病患於治療期間的飲食改變及營養補充品使用種類之探討

Investigation of Dietary Changes and Use of Nutritional Supplements by Breast Cancer Patients During Treatment

盧彥哲(Yin-Che Lu) ； 周秀蓁(Hsiu-Chen Chou) ； 林為森(Weir-Sen Lin) ； 顧錦珠(Chin-Chu Kuo) ； 蕭慧美(Huey-Mei Shaw)

《台灣營養學會雜誌》 45卷3期 (2021/09) Pp. 80-97

https://doi.org/10.6691/NSJ.202109_45(3).0002

摘要

本研究透過問卷訪談，來探討乳癌病患在治療期間及已治療完成並持續回門診追蹤患者之飲食改變情形及使用營養補充品類別與頻率。研究對象為嘉義基督教醫院女性乳癌確診且持續接受治療或已完成治療，定期追蹤的患者。問卷內容包括受訪者基本資料、罹癌後飲食習慣的改變與營養補充品的選用情況等三大部分。本研究共納入99份受試者資料，平均確診年齡為51.4歲。飲食習慣的改變部分，高熱量食物（p ＜ 0.001）與加工醃漬（p ＜ 0.001）等較不健康食物與黃豆製品（= 0.003）的食用頻率在確診後的食用頻率都顯著下降。治療期間及已治療完成並持續回門診追蹤之病患服用營養補充品的比例高達67.7%，選擇營養補充品的資訊來源以親戚朋友為主要來源高達51%，醫院營養師居第三位（31%）。病患使用營養補充品種類以維生素與礦物質類使用比例最高（71%），其次依序為特殊營養品、左旋麩醯胺酸。值得注意的是，不同治療期程的乳癌病患使用營養補充品比例與所選用的補充品類別皆有顯著差異。綜合以上可知，多數乳癌病患在罹病後會改變其飲食習慣與服用營養補充劑，建議加強營養師專業諮詢的介入，讓病患有更正確的食物攝取與適當營養補充品選擇，除可避免無謂的金錢浪費外，還能有助於病患疾病治療與生活品質提升。

關鍵字

乳癌 ； 營養補充品 ； 飲食習慣

並列摘要

This study used questionnaire interviews to explore dietary changes and nutritional supplements used by breast cancer patients during treatment. Subjects of this study were patients at the Department of Hematology and Oncology of Chiayi Christian Hospital (Chiayi, Taiwan), who continued to receive follow-up treatment or follow-up after a diagnosis of breast cancer had been confirmed. The content of the questionnaire included three parts: basic information, the use of nutritional supplements, and changes in dietary habits. Results: In total, 99 valid questionnaires were collected in this study, and the average age of patients was 51.4 years. The consumption frequencies of high-calorie foods, processed foods, and other unhealthy foods were significantly reduced to 2 points (rarely), and soy products also dropped significantly to below 3 points (occasionally). During the treatment period, 67.7% of patients took extra nutritional supplements, and their sources of information were mainly from relatives and friends at as high as 51%, followed by family members (34%), while hospital dietitians ranked third (31%). Vitamins and minerals were used in the highest proportion (70%), followed by special nutritional products and L-glutamic acid. There were also significant differences in supplements used by patients in different treatment periods. Conclusions: Dietary and nutritional supplementation can improve the quality of life of patients. It is recommended that dietitians should strengthen interventions of professional consultations, so that patients can choose appropriate supplements during different treatment periods, so as to avoid an unnecessary waste of money and improve their quality of life.

並列關鍵字

breast cancer ； nutritional supplements ； dietary habit