兒童對兒童遊戲場之環境認知

A Study of the Children's Environmental Cognition in Playgrounds

侯錦雄(Jing-Shoung Hou) ； 陳昭志(Chao-Chih Chen)

《戶外遊憩研究》 11卷2期 (1998/06) Pp. 19-40

https://doi.org/10.6130/JORS.1998.11(2)2

摘要

本研究依據環境心理學理論的概念，運用六點態度量表來測度兒童對兒童遊戲場之環境認知，籍以探討兒童遊戲場類群並探討各類群間之差異，並進一步探討兒童遊戲場實質環境特性與兒童環境認知間的關係。藉由本研究針對十個兒童遊戲場之實證研究結果顯示，實質環境特性之「視覺阻礙物面積」及「可及性面積」因素與兒童感知空間大小均呈現明顯的相關性，故推測可能爲影響兒童選擇兒童遊戲場之重要因素之一；且「連接性遊具設施數量」與兒童感知設施複雜性、連接性及想像力激發亦呈現明顯的相關性，故推測連接性道具設施數量的配置對兒童遊玩興趣的提升應具有莫大的助益。而通過兒童對兒童遊戲場之環境認知可將兒童遊戲場區分爲「混合設計型」、「傳統設計型」、「設施導向型」、「一般設計型」、及「社會交誼型」五種類群；且由群間差異的事後檢定可以發現，兒童對兒童遊戲場內設施差異的感受是較空間的差異更加強烈。

關鍵字

環境心理學 ； 空間認知 ； 環境設計

並列摘要

This research is done with the concept of environmental psychology. A Likert scale with sixteen items was used to build the knowledge of the studied children's environmental cognition of playgrounds and to discuss the relationship between the environment and children's environmental cognition with the purpose of distinguishing different types of playgrounds and discussing the varieties among the groups.
The followings. are the results of the investigation of 10 playgrounds researched.
1. Through children's environmental cognition of the playgrounds, we divided the playgrounds into 5 groups: (1) complex design, (2) traditional design (3) equipment-oriented design (4) ordinary design (5) social interacted-oriented design.
2 Among the discussed factors of the physical environment of the 5 groups of playgrounds, we found the equipment-oriented factor can be recognized more by children than the factor of space.
3. The visual interruption area may be one of the significant factors to influence children's attendance in playgrounds.
4. More connected playground facilities do increase the amount of children's individual activities but decrease their social interaction with others.

並列關鍵字

Environmental psychology ； Space cognition ； Environmental design