Hierarchical Evaluation Framework for Health and Wellness Destination: A Case in Zhangzhou, China

康養旅遊地評估指標研究－以中國漳州市為例

Fu-Yao Liu(劉馥瑤) ； Yan-Jia Liou(劉晏嘉)

《戶外遊憩研究》 36卷1期 (2023/03) Pp. 33-64

https://doi.org/10.6130/JORS.202303_36(1).0002

摘要

Zhangzhou ranks first in Fujian Province in terms of the recreation index and has the potential for recreational tourism development. Although many cities in mainland China are present at this stage, no system for evaluating recreational tourism in cities has been developed. The development of recreational tourism should be in line with local conditions. The present study analyzed the case of Zhangzhou, a city that has favorably developed recreational tourism in terms of its available tourism resources. The elements that enable tourism to meet the needs of the current situation were identified and categorized into resource, environment, and development and construction condition factors. The elements were further divided into 7 criteria and 22 index layers on the basis of their characteristics. An expert panel of five, three, four, and four experts respectively from the tourism, medical care, forestry, and ecology industries made decisions. On the basis of their input, an evaluation system for calculating the relative weight values of indices was established. The results revealed that environment (0.462) is the factor that should be assigned the highest priority. According to a comprehensive weight analysis, vegetation coverage (0.168), forest landscapes (0.121), air quality (0.094), organic agriculture (0.069), climate (0.068), and pastoral landscapes (0.067) should also be prioritized. Therefore, health-focused travel and leisure services suitable for four seasons can be developed by utilizing the natural landscapes, environment, and organic agriculture or foods of Zhangzhou.

關鍵字

Health care ； Health and wellness tourism ； Tourism resources

並列摘要

中國大陸地區雖然現階段有許多的旅居城市，但缺少城市的康養旅遊地的評價體系，而康養旅遊的開發需符合因地制宜。故本研究根據漳州現有的優勢資源分為資源條件、環境條件、開發建設等3個構面，依其性質劃分7個準則及22個指標層。研究採立意及配額的兩段式抽樣，最終由旅遊5人、醫藥護理3人、林業4人、生態學4人等專家篩選出的評價系統，求得各指標間的相對權重值。結果顯示，以環境（0.462）為目前應優先關注的構面；另根據綜合權重的顯示，應優先針對綠視率（0.168）、森林景觀（0.121）、空氣品質（0.094）、有機農業（0.069）、氣候（0.068）、田園景觀（0.067）為主要指標，故可以天然景觀、環境、有機農業／食品等，發展休養和食療等四季皆宜的康養旅遊產品。

並列關鍵字

醫療保健 ； 康養旅遊 ； 旅遊資源

參考文獻

曾日秋、蔡建興、江志鵬、洪建基(2015)。漳州市中藥材產業歷史、現狀及發展思路。特種經濟動植物，18(9)，20-23。Zeng, R. X., Cai, J. X., Jiang, Z. P., & Hong, J. J. (2015). Historical status anddevelopment of traditional Chinese medicine industry in Zhangzhou city. Special Economic Animals and Plants, 18(9), 20-23.

程雲、殷傑(2022)。新冠肺炎疫情是否激發了康養旅遊意願？一個條件過程模型的檢驗。旅遊學刊, 37(7)，119-132。Cheng, Y., & Yin, J. (2022). Has COVID-19 increased the intention to undertake healthtourism? Examination using a conditional process model. Tourism Tribune, 37(7), 119-132.

黃俐琳(2020)。基於康養理念下的漳州郊野公園綠道康養指標分析與景觀評價。未出版之碩士論文，福建農林大學園藝學院，福建。Huang, L. L. (2020). The analysis of health and fitness index and landscape evaluationof greenway in Zhangzhou country park based on the concept of health and fitness.Unpublished master thesis, Department of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and ForestryUniversity, Fujian.

黃俐琳、袁媛、陳清西(2020)。漳州郊野公園綠道康養指標評價分析。南方農業，14(22)，59-66。Huang, L. L., Yuan, Y., & Chen, Q. X. (2020). The analysis of health and fitness indexof greenway in Zhangzhou country park. South China Agriculture, 14(22), 59-66.

雷銘(2017)。醫療旅遊研究現狀及啟示。中國衛生政策研究，10(7)，65-70。Lei, M. (2017). Status quo of medical tourism and its implication in China. ChineseJournal of Health Policy, 10(7), 65-70.