Kidney transplantation is the best treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease as it significantly prolongs survival, decreases morbidity, and improves the quality of life. Highly-sensitized patients with donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies may not get living-donor transplantation due to cross-match positivity, and wait longer on the deceased-donor transplantation waiting list. Recent advances in desensitization protocols using intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheressis, and Rituximab made kidney transplantation possible by abrogating cross-match positivity. In this review article, we intend to summarize methods to detect alloantibodies, agents used for desensitization, and current desensitization protocols.