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刁包《易》學的思想基礎及治《易》立場與作法

The Basis, the Viewpoint, and the Method of Diao-Bao's Yi Jing Studies

摘要


刁包是明末清初的《易》學家。他對明朝覆亡有深切感受,希望藉由結合朱子思想,強調讀書、窮理,爲時代找出新的契機。他的心性論、工夫論,及《易酌》中所說的「心」、「心學」皆本於朱子。刁包對王學提出深切的反省,主張以讀書、窮理救正王學只談良知本體,同時亦將讀書、窮理歸本於心,並肯定朱子朱子心具衆理的主張。故刁包所說的「心」、「心學」,實非陽明心學一路,而是朱子心即理的系統。至於刁包「學《易》以檢心」的說法,是以有益自家身心作爲學《易》的動機與理想,此觀點迴異於以《易》歸心學的心學《易》。此外,由刁包「四聖二賢一心」的主張,可見出他宗程的治《易》立場,強調以義理解《易》。至於治《易》內容則兼採程、朱,並廣引衆說。在治《易》作法上,無論訓詁、考典制、釋象皆以合於經義爲依歸,並承繼與擴展程《傳》引史解經的作法,且於《易》重要觀點,在義理方面多有發揮。刁包羽翼程《傳》與孔子《易》之功,值得吾人重視。

關鍵字

刁包 朱子 伊川 易酌 程傳

並列摘要


Diao-Bao (1603-1669) is a Yi Jing scholar that was born in the Ming Dynasty and died the Qing Dynasty. Seeing the termination of the Ming Dynasty, he emphasizes on the importance of reading Chinese classics, especially Zhu Xi's doctrine. In his Yi Zhuo, he interprets the mind on the basis of Zhu Xi's concept, believing that we human beings need to clarify and purify our minds by learning so as to refine the essential wisdom in our nature. He inherits and develops Cheng Yi's Yi Zhuan, elucidating Yi Jing with philosophic approaches and historical documents. He notes the differences between Cheng Yi's Yi Zhuan and Zhu Xi's Zhou Yi Ben Yi and attempts to combine them with other related studies. With these efforts, he contributes much to Zhu Xi and Cheng Yi's school of Yi Jing learning.

並列關鍵字

Diao Bao Zhu Xi Yi Zhuo Cheng Yi Yi Zhuan

參考文獻


唐李鼎祚(1996)。周易集解。臺北:臺灣商務印書館。
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宋朱熹(2002)。朱子全書。上海=Shanghai:上海古籍出版社=Shanghai Ancient Books。
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