中國大陸自然科學研究機構的改革與轉型

The Reform and Transformation of the Natural Science Research Institutions on the Chinese Mainland

王瑞琦(Jue-Chi Wang)

《中國大陸研究》 43卷11期 (2000/11) Pp. 29-52

https://doi.org/10.30389/MCS.200011_43(11).0002

摘要

大陸的「政府獨立科研機構」是由「中科院」、中央部委所屬、地方所屬機構組織，一九九○年初共有五千餘個，是大陸科技研究發展人力資源的集結之所。自一九八五年科技體制改革實施以來，中共推出一系列的措施，鼓勵科研機構及其人員走進社會，參與經濟的發展與建設。本文分析顯示，在面對外來強勢的改革壓力，各科研機構根據本身的資源，採取不同的策略，出現了強者恆强、弱者恆弱的趨勢。

關鍵字

大陸科技政策 ； 科技體制改革 ； 組織改革 ； 科技人力資源

並列摘要

The natural science research institutions on the Chinese mainland consist of institutions subordinated to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, those subordinated to other central departments, and those under the local level. The total number of such organizations amounted to over 5000 in the early 1990s, the largest reservoir of S&T manpower in the mainland. Since launching the reform of the S&T System in 1985, China has spared no effort to encourage these institutions as well as their researchers to participate in national economic construction. This paper shows that in face of pressure for change, the institutions have adopted different strategies in accordance to the resources. Likewise, in face of market competition, the more resources available, the more additional resources gained; the converse also applies however.

並列關鍵字

The PRC's S&T policies ； S&T system reforms ； organization reforms ； S&T manpower

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