混合研究法與中國研究：結合多類案例與量化內容分析

在社會科學研究裡，愈來愈多的學者嘗試將量化與質性研究結合起來。對於中國大陸研究社群而言，儘管案例研究仍然是最常見的選擇，許多學者已經開始嘗試使用混合研究法。目前，最常見的混合研究是結合社會調查與田野訪問。一方面，社會調查有助於將田野調查的結果普遍化；另一方面，深入的質性研究則可以幫助社會調查找到被忽視的變項。然而，如果我們的研究目標在於瞭解較高階層的官員的行為，很顯然地，社會調查並不容易實現。本文以中國大陸勞動政策的制定過程為例，探討如何利用政府規範性文件與官方年鑑等資料，以對其進行量化內容分析。與此同時，在個案研究方面，本文以多類案例研究的標準進行質性研究，以避免少數案例研究中經常出現的選擇偏差問題。根據此二種研究方法，本文提出一個針對高階政治進行混合研究的可能性。

關鍵字

混合研究法；中國研究；勞動政策制定；年鑑

並列摘要

Mixing qualitative and quantitative methods has been increasingly popular in political science. In studying Chinese politics, while small-N study is still the most common choice in the field, many scholars have started to utilize ＂mixed methods＂ in their projects. Perhaps the most prevalent attempt to combine the two kinds of methodology is to integrate survey and fieldwork methods. Surveys are thought to contribute to fieldworks with respect to generalizability of results, and qualitative methods can aid survey works through identification of omitted variables. What if our research is targeted at higher-level officials? Apparently survey methods are not very suitable for this type of study. To illustrate the possibility of employing mixed methods in analyzing Chinese ＂high politics,＂ I use a study on labor policy-making as an example to illustrate ways in which multiple methods are combined in a project. Particular attention is paid to adopting a diverse case study design for qualitative purposes, and a content analysis is approached to quantify official yearbooks and government regulations.

並列關鍵字

Mixed Methods ； China Studies ； Labor Policy-making ； Yearbooks

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