Specimens of the genera Rozites and Descolea collected from several provinces of China were critically reviewed. 3 species and 1 variety of Rozites, and 2 species of Descolea were recognized for China, viz. R. caperata (Pers.: Fr.) P. Karsten, R. similis Horak, R. emodensis (Berk.) Moser, R. emodensis var. vinacea Z.-L. Yang et W.-K. Zheng, D. flavoannulata (L. Vass.) Horak, and D. pretiosa Horak. The socalled ”R. caperata”, previously reported from Southwestern China is either R. emodensis or D. flavoannulata. The occurrence of R. caperata only in Northern China has been confirmed. Information on distribution and ectomycorrhizal associations of these taxa is also provided.