Current Situations on Identification of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

非結核性分枝桿菌之鑑定現況

吳丁樹(Ting-Shu Wu) ； 陸嘉真(Chia-Chen Lu) ； 賴信志(Hsin-Chih Lai)

《Journal of Biomedical & Laboratory Sciences》 21卷1期 (2009/05) Pp. 1-6

https://doi.org/10.30046/JBLS.200905.0001

摘要

非結核性分枝桿菌可引起免疫低下及正常人之疾病。除了痰檢體，其亦可於淋巴液、肋膜液、及骨關節液中被鑑別出來。近年來非結核性分枝桿菌被分離出來的機率有增高的趨勢，在所有分離出之分枝桿菌中約佔30到50個百分比。雖然其臨床重要性還需持續地評估，但目前非結核性分枝桿菌感染的報告仍十分常見。在傳統的臨床評估中，抗酸性染色及痰液培養合併生物化學的方法鑑別已逐漸無法應付臨床的需求。取而代之的是以特有的DNA複製及／或核酸雜交－爲基礎的偵測系統，包括即時PCR, chips, arrays或液體監測系統合併成新的未來核酸序列診斷技術，以逐漸取代傳統對於非結核性分枝桿菌之鑑別診斷。此篇文章的目的是提供一個全面性的總論針對非結核性分枝桿菌之重要性，分類及實驗室鑑別診斷的方法來介紹。

關鍵字

非結核性分枝桿菌 ； 鑑別 ； 診斷

並列摘要

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) cause diseases in both immuno-compromised and immuno-competent patients. Besides sputa, the NTM infections are also identified in nodes, pleura, and osteoarticular. Isolation rate of NTM has been increasing during recent years, ranging between 30-50% among mycobacterial isolates. Although the clinical significance remains to be continuously evaluated, emerging NTM infections are frequently reported. Traditional clinical assessments, acid fast bacilli staining (AFB), and culture methods accompanied with biochemical identifications will gradually not be able to cope with the clinical requirements. Instead, specific in vitro DNA amplification and/or nucleic acid hybridization-based detection systems including (real-time) PCR, chips, arrays, or liquid detection systems, together with new next-generation nucleic acid sequencing technology will gradually replace traditional diagnostic methods in NTM identification. The aim of this article is to provide a general overview on clinical significance, classification, and laboratory diagnostic methods of NTM.

並列關鍵字

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria NTM ； identification ； diagnosis