電腦化社區自主能力測驗之編製

Development of a Computerized Community Self-Sufficiency Test

蘇純瑩(Chwen-Yng Su) ； 施陳美津(Mei-Jin Chen-Sea) ； 林清良(Ching-Liang Lin) ； 林月仙(Yueh-Hsieh Lin) ； 吳裕益(Yuh-Yih-Wu) ； 張志仲(Jyh-Jong Chang)

《職能治療學會雜誌》 22卷 (2004/09) Pp. 15-34

https://doi.org/10.6594/JTOTA.2004.22.02

摘要

本研究主要目的在發展一套適合台灣地區16歲以上智能障礙成人使用之「電腦化社區自主能力測驗」。研究過程分三階段，第一階段是參酌國內外有關智能障礙者的社區適應行為的論述與實徵性研究及相關評量工具，來編製測驗的預試題庫。第二階段進行預試及刪題步驟，以發展正式測驗。第三階段則進行正式測驗之信度與效度研究，並建立常模。
本測驗有10個分量表，每個分量表為10題，共有100題。10個分量表包括時問觀念、大眾事務、金錢觀念、功能標誌、度量、家事處理、健康安全、工具使用、休閒娛樂和職前率備，其α係數介於 .74到 .98之間，全測驗的α係數為 .93。隔一週的重測信度係數介於 .59至 .88之問，皆達 .001顯著水準。在效度方面，本測驗和瑞文氏彩色圖形測驗的相關係數是 .61，與 Lawton’s工具性日常生活功能觀察評量表之相關為-.36，與褚氏日常生活評量表的相關為 .61，與「簡短式智能評估」之相關為 .75，皆達 .01顯著水準。探索性和驗證性因素分析的結果顯示本測．驗的社區自主能力之結構得到支持。本研究最後根據331位正常人和296位智能障礙者的常模樣本，建立截斷分數以供使用者了解受試個案的社區自主能力缺失之嚴重程度。

關鍵字

智能障礙 ； 社區自主能力 ； 信度 ； 效度 ； 截斷分數

並列摘要

The purpose of this research project was to develop a computerized community living skills test for the mentally retarded individuals aged 16 and above. There were three stages to the test development. In the first phase, theories and empirical studies regarding community adjustment of the retardates were reviewed to formulate preliminary item bank. The second phase was to conduct islandwide pretest, upon which item analysis was performed accordingly to finalize the test content. The third phase was to investigate the reliability and validity of the test, in addition to the norms establishment.
The formal test consisted of 10 subtests, each of which has 10 items, totaling 100 items. These subtests included time concepts, community affairs, money management, functional signs, measurement, home management, health and safety, tools use, leisure and recreation, as well as prevocational preparation. The Cronbach s alpha coefficients for the subtests ranged from .74 to .98, with the total test being .93. 1-week test-retest reliability estimates for the subtests ranged from .59 to .88 (p＜ .001). As for concurrent validity, correlations were .61 with the Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices, -.36 with the Lawton ‘5 IADL Scale, .61 with the Chu Functional Living Scale, and .75 with the Mini-Mental State Examination. All the correlations were highly significant (p＜ .01). Apart from these, the factor structure of the test was supported by the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Based on the test performances of both 331 normal and 296 mentally retarded samples, cut-off scores were calculated to enable an objective comparison of subject’s test score relative to those of the normal subjects.

並列關鍵字

mental retardation ； community self-sufficiency ； reliability ； validity ； cut-off scores