探討殘障兒童家屬執行居家治療計劃所面臨之問題

A Study for Problems of Parents' Involvement in Home Treatment Program for Their Handicapped Children

王慧儀(Wai-Yi Wang) ； 張志仲(Jyh-Jong Chang)

《中華民國物理治療學會雜誌》 21卷4期 (1996/10) Pp. 215-222

https://doi.org/10.29616/JPTAROC.199610.0005

摘要

本篇的研究目的為研究分析殘障兒童家屬在執行居家治療計劃時所遭遇的困難與問題，並探討治療師在治療者與指導者角色中如何協助家屬克服這些問題。研究對象為在台灣南部兩所醫院中接受物理治療或職能治療的殘障兒童家屬。研究費料以問卷調查的方式收集，問卷內容包括家屬與殘障孩子的人口學基本資料，及12項有關執行居家治療計劃時所遭遇到的問題描述。問卷交由家屬填寫，資料的分析計有描述性統計及因素分析。結果回收的有效問卷共43份，因素分析的結果得到這12項問題所萃取出的5個因素及其所包含的項目；根據各因素內包含之項目特性再予以命名，命名之因素依次為：家屬自覺治療技術執行之能力，家庭環境與照顧家人的情況，配合治療的合作性，家屬自覺健康狀況以及工作的情況。此5個因素解釋了家屬在此12項問題中所反應之總變異量的71.7%。本篇研究者就資料分析的結果，提出以下的建議：(1)治療師在解說治療技巧與方法時，應多注意家屬是否能瞭解，且要力求家屬具有回到家中仍能執行這些技巧的能力。(2)計劃執行時之技巧與方法應盡量簡單，並能整合於家長與孩子的日常生活料理過程中。(3)治療師須評估個別的居家環境狀況及其現有器材，並協助家屬能靈活運用、就地取材地執行治療計劃。(4)同時治療師也須加強教育和推動全家庭對治療計劃的接納與參予。

關鍵字

居家治療計劃 ； 殘障兒童

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were twofold. The first was to find and analyze the problems of parents' involvement in home treatment programs, and the second was to discuss the strategies that therapists can afford to teach and guide parents how to overcome these problems successfully. Our subjects were parents with handicapped children who received physical or occupational therapy in 2 hospitals which located at Kaohsiung, Taiwan. A questionnaire was designed and used to collect data. The questionnaire included investigation of demographic data and 12 questionary items which reflected the problems of involvement in home treatment program. Forty-three parents completed the questionnaires. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and factor analysis. The results of factor analysis showed that the 12 questionary items could be represented by 5 factors parsimoniously and 71.1% of the total variance of the parents' responses was attributable to these 5 factors. The 5 factors were named, respectively according to the characteristics of items they included, as: parents' perception of ability to carry out treatment techniques, status of home environment and family-care, cooperation for treatment program, parents' perception of self health conditions, and parents job status. The implications of the results and our suggestions were discussed. It is suggested that the home treatment techniques must be easy to learn and can be carried out independently by the parents. The treatment programs and techniques should be integrated into daily activities. Therapists need to evaluate the home environment and its available treatment modalities in order to guide parents to make home treatment programs successfully. Family education to facilitate the whole family participation and positive acceptance of home treatment programs are also encouraged.c

並列關鍵字

Home treatment programs ； Handicapped children