The authors surveyed full-time physical therapy faculty activity in the Republic of China (ROC) during the 1995-1996 school year and compared the findings with those in the United States of America (USA). A total of 28 questionnaires were returned, with a reponse rate of 80%. Twenty-one questionnaires were filled out completely and used for data analysis. Physical therapy faculty were predominantly female in both countries. The physical therapy faculty in the ROC were younger and had less professional and teaching experiences compared with their colleagues in the USA. Both groups spent their time in a similar manner: spending most time in teaching. Administrative activities ranked the second while research activities ranked the third. Both groups spent the least amount of time in other types of professional activities. Physical therapy faculty in the ROC generally felt positive about the teaching environment.