以工程設計與使用管理觀點探討體育館避難行為之研究

What Should Be Extra Concerned with Evacuation Behavior for Designer and Owner-A Case Study on Arena in Taiwan

曾惠斌(Hui-Ping Tserng) ； 熊光華(Kuang-Hua Hsiung) ； 游家祝(Jia-Juh You)

《中國土木水利工程學刊》 20卷2期 (2008/06) Pp. 293-300

https://doi.org/10.6652/JoCICHE.200806_20(2).0012

摘要

避難行為是災難時人員能否安全逃生的關鍵因素，大型體育館具有大量使用者同時避難之高危險特性，但設計時之避難安全評估與營運時期實際之避難行為間，多數缺乏實務性操作驗證。本研究藉由官方要求體育館業者進行避難演練專案及一場客滿（15000人）歌舞劇散場之機會，以問卷與錄影方式進行調查，藉以了解演練人員之避難行為特性及散場情形與設計時避難模擬(SIMULEX)數值之差異性。研究發現從既有設計、模擬與避難管理行為皆出現與實際避難行為心理產生落差之情形，若未善加調整將無法消弭避難風險，經改善策略評估後，提出相關建議予設計及營運者參考。

關鍵字

避難行為 ； 避難時間 ； 體育館

並列摘要

The key to escape dangerous situations is determined by evacuation behaviors. Arenas allow great capacities but extreme difficulty in evacuation. However, the design and practical operation in evacuation mostly lack of empirical evaluation. To comprehend the evacuation behavior of all the participants and the differences between real leaving situation and designed value (SIMULEX), the study takes the advantage of the official evacuation drill and a full occupied opera (15,000 persons) required the arena operator through the questionnaire and video. The study observes that all the existed design, simulation, and evacuation management presents some difference with practical evacuation behavior, which without improvement will directly endanger the evacuation. As a result, the study, proposes improvement strategies and provides for the architect and operator for design and management as references.

並列關鍵字

evacuation behavior ； evacuation time ； arena