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應用實質選擇權以提升學生宿舍建設計畫之財務效益分析-以國立聯合大學八甲校區學生宿舍為例

Application of Real Options in Financial Analysis of Dormitory Projects-An Empirical Study of Dormitory Project of NUU

摘要


近年來政府積極推動民間參與的方式興建公共建設(BOT,build-operatetransfer),以促進國家基礎建設的發展,依目前BOT執行情形來看,國內BOT市場機制已漸趨完善。然而BOT投資計畫的價值常因業主提出之政策需求、合約條件的限制、經營環境的變化,常會發生實際營收低於預期營收的現象。造成專案計畫經營風險過高之主因,在於政府(業主)的觀點常是以計畫的經濟效益及管理方便為主,未考慮投資者之財務效益,導致投資人面臨巨大的財務風險,造成專案計畫之財務可行性大幅降低。為了減輕投資者所面臨的不確定性(風險),本研究將實質選擇權的觀念導入BOT投資計劃中,期望以選擇權的概念能增加BOT投資計畫之財務可行性。本研究以國立聯合大學八甲校區學生宿舍為實證研究案例,將學生宿舍計畫採用管理彈性方式興建,投資者可以因管理彈性提升68.1%計畫淨現值,績效顯著。此外投資者也可以考慮用分期的方式興建。計畫初期只投資興建50%宿舍床位數,開始營運後視宿舍住宿率的高低,投資者再決定是否繼續興建完成另外50%床位。分期興建不僅可減少期初巨額興建成本投資的風險、降低貸款金額、延長償還期等財務效果外,亦可使投資者可依據第一期投資計畫案實際經營情形,評估檢討計畫營運收入是否如預期、營運支出是否超支及計畫獲利能力、風險等,來決定是否要繼續完成後續尚未完成的興建,或是和業主解約,暫緩後續建設,以降低投資虧損的風險。

並列摘要


To implement infrastructure projects with BOT approaches is widely used by government agents at Taiwan in last two decades. However, there are some BOT projects which do not operate well in business due to shortage of project revenues. The reason for that to happen is because agents mainly focus on economic benefit of the project and simplicity of projects' management. Agents do not pay much attention on aspect of financial benefit of BOT projects. That may result in high risk imbedded in future revenues of BOT projects. This may lead to that potential investors become more hesitate in investing BOT projects. A real option method could be used to reduce the financial risk of project. We provide a real option model to re-evaluate the under estimate value of project, more even to increase the project value. All these could reduce project financial risk. That may make the project become more promising in financial feasibility of projects for potential investors.

並列關鍵字

real option financial analysis risk analysis BOT

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