能耗最佳化之鐵路班表調整模式

OPTIMIZING RAILWAY TIMETABLE FOR REDUCING ENERGY CONSUMPTION

李宇欣(Yusin Lee) ； 盧立昕(Li-Sin Lu)

《中國土木水利工程學刊》 32卷2期 (2020/04) Pp. 201-210

https://doi.org/10.6652/JoCICHE.202004_32(2).0007

摘要

鐵路是一種高效率的運輸系統，具有高度之計畫性，必須在事前規劃班表及諸多計畫。然而實務上班表多僅考慮旅客需求、機車性能等因素，而未考慮執行所需之能耗，過往文獻亦多聚焦於極小化單一列車的能耗。為此本研究提出有系統之方法，在維持列車既有順序的前提下調整班表，以降低整體能耗。本研究首先使用多目標最短路徑模式求得列車的能量曲線，再以線性回歸歸納能耗與運行時間關係式，據以利用線性規劃模式調整班表，並在增加運行時間與節省能耗之間取得平衡。以臺鐵班表測試結果顯示，微幅增加列車運行時間，可有效降低能耗，顯示本研究成果具有實務運用價值。

關鍵字

能量 ； 鐵路班表 ； 模擬 ； 最佳化

並列摘要

Railway is an efficient transportation system which is rapid, high-capacity and energy-efficient. It is also necessary to set up a timetable together with other plans beforehand due to its complexity. In practice timetables typically take passenger demand and locomotive properties into consideration but not energy consumption. On the other hand, most related works in the literature focus on minimizing energy consumption of a single train. This study proposes a method to optimize the total energy consumption by adjusting a given timetable while preserving the original order of the trains. The model first uses a multi-objective shortest path problem to derive the energy-time curve of trains, and then establishes numerically the relationship between energy consumption and running time with linear regression based on these energy-time curves. Finally, a linear program adjusts the given timetable to minimize total energy consumption, and seek for a balance between additional operation time and reduced energy consumption. Testing with a real-life example derived from the Taiwan Railways Administration timetable demonstrated the ability of the model to reduce energy consumption by slightly increasing the trains' running times.

並列關鍵字

energy ； railway timetable ； simulation ； optimization