以轉向架運動參數量測脫軌係數之車載即時量測技術開發

DEVELOPMENT OF REAL-TIME VEHICLE-BASE METHOD FOR MEASURING DERAILMENT COEFFICIENT THROUGH BOGIE DYNAMIC RESPONSES

黃晟豪(Cheng-Hao Huang) ； 陳秉浩(Bing-Hao Chen)

《中國土木水利工程學刊》 33卷4期 (2021/06) Pp. 327-335

https://doi.org/10.6652/JoCICHE.202106_33(4).0008

摘要

輪軌接觸力是計算脫軌係數的重要依據，也是評估列車行駛安全性的關鍵因子。本研究推導軌道車輛輪對之動態力平衡方程式，透過量測輪對上之振動加速度與懸吊壓縮量，換算為輪對軸動態下之慣性力與懸吊受力，代入輪對動態力平衡方程式後，即可求解輪軌接觸之垂向力（P力）與橫向力（Q力），進而求得脫軌係數，並透過一1：5縮尺轉向架模型驗證此方法之可行性。本研究之成果，可以平價、安裝簡便、即時量測、隨車量測的方式進行脫軌係數量測，期待未來能於實車上安裝，進行數據收集與分析，以評估列車脫軌特性，讓整體系統具更高實用價值。

關鍵字

轉向架 ； 脫軌係數 ； 縮尺比例模型 ； 輪軌接觸力

並列摘要

The wheel-rail contact force is the key factor for the railway vehicle running safety. This study aims to find the vehicle-based method for measuring wheel-rail contact force on-board. The method is based on the dynamic force equilibrium of wheelset. The vertical and lateral contact force is able to be determined while some sensors are used to measure the dynamic responses of bogie for some necessary information. In order to verify the correctness of the method, a 1:5 scaled bogie with rolling rig is developed to perform the experiment. Laser displacement meters are used to measure the compression of the suspension spring for determining suspension force. And acceleration meters are used to determine the dynamic inertia force while the wheelset is moving. Then the vertical (P force) and lateral (Q force) wheel-rail contact force can be solved through the equations of equilibrium. Finally, the derailment coefficient can be calculated by P and Q force to evaluate the running safety of the railway vehicle under different running speed. A convenient method with cheap devices are proved to be able to measuring the real time wheel-rail contact force on board. Hope that this method can be used to prevent the disaster (such like earthquakes) to the railway vehicle in the near future.

並列關鍵字

bogie ； derailment coefficient ； scale model ； wheel-rail contact force