監造類型與工時關係之探討

本研究首先歸納實務上常見之監造類型與定義，再採用累計工時的概念，推估工程各階段所應分配之監造人力。本研究分為三個部份，第一部份先透過建管制度與監造單位組織釐清監造角色。第二部份綜合探討四種不同監造類型，包括全程監造、重點監造、法定監造以及法定勘驗監造。第三部份將6件工程案例依前述類型進行分類，分析各類型監造工時與工進之對應關係，再根據工程各階段監造業務所佔之比重，建構出監造業務工時在各工程進度之適當範圍。研究結果顯示，此模式除可減少人力過剩的情形外，亦可運用於工時成本之控制與分配管理。

關鍵字

全程監造；重點監造；監造工時；監造工時分配模式

並列摘要

During the execution process of construction projects, supervision units often encounter sudden changes during the progress of construction. However, because general supervision man-hours are usually arranged in a flat manner, and it is normally without a response mechanism, it easily leads to final cost increases or surplus manpower. Using private projects as cases, this study adopts the concept of accumulated man-hours to establish a model that allows man-hours and construction progress to correspond with each other, so as to facilitate instant responses by the supervision units and manage the distribution of man-hour costs effectively. Finally, this research presents a Supervisory Strategy Model for Man-hours. This research is mainly divided into four parts. The first part defines the role of supervision according to laws, contracts, construction management systems and supervision unit organization. The second part divides types of supervision into four categories of continuous supervision, intermittent-inspection supervision, periodic supervision, and statutory-inspection supervision. The third part applies a case analysis to establish the corresponding relationship of the cumulative man-hours of supervision and the cumulative progress of a project, as well as to integrate the relationship between the man-hours and construction progress of the supervision business by merging the characteristics of the project timeline. The fourth part constructs a reasonable and safe strategy model that allows active control of the cumulative input ratio of man-hours, so as to facilitate the reasonable allocation and supervision of the total man-hours.