平地愛玉子病蟲害發生與防治初報

Preliminary Report for the Occurrence of Diseases and Insect Pests and Their Controls of Jelly Fig at Plain Area

邱正儀(Cheng I. Chiu)

《高雄區農業改良場研究彙報》 9卷2期 (1998/06) Pp. 27-34

https://doi.org/10.6958/RBKDAIS.199806.0027

摘要

愛玉為本省特產，是一種榕屬隱花植物，其授粉需依靠特定的共生小蜂來完成。愛玉原生長於山地，近因環境變遷逐漸移向平地栽培。本試驗目的為調查平地愛玉病蟲害發生與密度，調查結果主要病害有煤病與炭疽病二種，蟲害則以芒刺野稗木蝨較普遍發生，密度最高，膠蟲次之，而葉、薊馬與粉蝨較稀少。另外發現燕子、瓢蟲及草蛉等，可能為愛玉害蟲之重要天敵。芒刺野稗木蝨藥劑防治試驗，初步結果以25%佈芬淨可濕性粉劑1,500倍，90%納乃得可濕性粉劑1,800倍，44%大滅松乳劑1,000倍，50%芬殺松乳劑2,000倍與60%繁米蝨乳劑1,200倍效果皆佳，可供農民參考使用。施藥時應考慮到薜荔小蜂之羽化期，以免影響小蜂之立足與授粉。

關鍵字

愛玉 ； 病蟲害 ； 發生 ； 防治

並列摘要

Jelly fig is a special unique crop in Taiwan, it needs a special symbiotic wasp (Blastophaga pamila Hill) for its pollination. Jelly fig (Ficus awkeotsang Makino) originally cultivated in aboriginal area. Recently it gradually planted toward plain area due to the change in environmental conditions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the diseases and insect pests of jelly fig and their population density. The results showed that psylla (Paurce phala conchaienses Boselli) was the major pest and had a high density among insects, lac insect was the second one. While leaf mite, thrips and whitefly were the minor pests. Besides, we found that swallow, lady beetle and lace wing might be used as the potential natural enemies. For the disease, mold and anthracnose were the important diseases have been found.Five chemicals such as 25% Buprofezin W.P 1500x, 90% Methomyl W.P 1800x, 44% Dimethoate E.C 1000x, 50% Fenthion E.C 2000x and 60% Vamidothion E.C 1200x are effective against psylla (Paurce phala conchaienses Boselli). Chemical spraying should be stopped during the emergence periods of jelly fig wasp in order to avoid the population build-up of the insect and the pollination behavior for jelly fig.

並列關鍵字

Jelly fig ； Diseases and insect pests ； Occurrence ； Control