玉荷包荔枝開花及著果習性之研究

Flowering and Fruit Set in 'Yu-Her-Pao' Litchi (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.) in Southern Taiwan

李雪如(Sheue-Ru Lee)

《高雄區農業改良場研究彙報》 17卷1期 (2006/06) Pp. 9-19

https://doi.org/10.6958/RBKDAIS.200606.0009

摘要

本試驗於屏東市本場果園進行，調查玉荷包荔枝花序之生長變化、花性比例、落果的模式。試驗結果顯示，從可辨識花序至小花開放、謝花，花序長度變化呈S型生長曲線，平均長度27.3 cm及34.2 cm二種花序之小花總量分別為1,698朵及2,057朵，短花序之偏雌花比例為21.5％，高出長花序約5.4％，且多著生在第一級花；玉荷包荔枝開花期為22－29日，第8日偏雌花開始綻放，經3－4日達最高量。偏雌花盛花至果實成熟約70日，留果數變化可分為三個階段，第一階段發生於第1週，留果數由272個遽降至60個，留果率由100％降到23.9％；第二階段在第1週至第3週，留果數降至9個，留果率降至3.3％；第三階段於第3週至果實成熟，留果數降至6個，留果率為2.5％。

關鍵字

花序生長 ； 花性比例 ； 著果

並列摘要

The patterns of panicle development, floral sex ratio and fruit set of 'Yu-Her-Pao' litchi trees in the orchard of Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station in southern Taiwan were studied. The growth curve for the panicle was sigmoid. Total flower numbers of the 2 panicles with different lengths 27.3 cm and 34.2 cm were 1,698 and 2,057, respectively. The ratio of functionally female flowers of the short panicle was 21.5%, which is greater than that of the long panicle, with most of the functionally female flowers born on the first order (I°) of dichasium. The blooming period for 'Yu-Her-Pao' panicles ranged from 22-29 days. The commencement of anthesis for functionally female flowers began on the 8th day of blooming with its peak flower numbers 3-4 days later. It took 70 days from anthesis to fruit maturity. About 76% of the fruit on a panicle, from a total of 272 to 60 fruits, dropped for the first week. The rest of fruits continue to drop until fruit maturity. There were only 6 fruit, accounting for a final fruit set ratio of 2.5%, left for harvesting.

並列關鍵字

Inflorescence growth ； Floral sex ratio ； Fruit set