陳珦（元贇）的道家思想

Chen Yuan Yun's (Chen Xiang) Daoism

王煜

《哲學與文化》 25卷1期 (1998/01) Pp. 38-46

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.199801.0038

摘要

浙江餘杭人陳珦在晚明畸儒朱之瑜（舜水）同期流寓東瀛，可惜葛榮晋主編《中國實學思想史》（北京：首都師範大學出版社，1994）第四十四章〈陳元贇的實學在日本的傳播和影響〉不重視他的道家哲學，衷爾钜的專書錄取他的老子注解而太少批評。較早的狀元楊慎同號升庵，對文藝與道教有共同興趣。元贇將湖北公安派美學傳進日本，引致日本插花藝術（花道）的「（袁）宏道流」。陳氏曾於嵩山少林習武，後來創造柔術教授三位日本高徒，造成柔道三派。傳授書法，茗理和陶藝以外，他結交晚輩日蓮宗（近似中國天臺宗）儈元政，酬唱編成《元元唱和集》。思想方面陳珦受泰州學派陶望齡感染而帶佛學色彩，但是像道家隱士批判儒家「不窮實理，還謗老子，逆子不知親。」（《老子經通常•虛用》）他容忍以佛解老而窮惡用儒解老，其詩融會《莊子》與禪學。元政尊稱他為「大唐賓」，京都宇治黃蘗山印行《陳元費研究》。王齊洲、王澤龍《湖北文學史》（武漢：華中理工大學出版社，1995）第三編（近古文學）宜以陳氏作尾聲，無奈它只提林語堂。

關鍵字

老學 ； 柔道 ； 禪宗 ； 陳珦 ； 無政

並列摘要

Chen Xiang was from Yu Hung county in Zhe Jiang province. He was in Japan at the same time as Zhu Zhi Yu (Zhu Shun Shui), an eccentric scholar of the late Ming Dynasty.
Chapter forty-four of ”The History of China's ”Shi Xue” (Chen Yuan Yun's propagation of ”Shi Xue” and its influence in Japan) dismisses Chen's theory of Daoism. Yuan Er Ju annotated a volume on Chen's theory of Daoism, but this annotation lacks any critique.
An honors graduate of the Hanlin academy, Yang Shen shared Chen Yuan Yuns's interest in literature, art and the Dao. Yuan Yun spread llubei province's Gung An sect theories of aesthetics in Japan and these theories influenced the Japanese art of flower arranging.
Chen Yuan Yun studied martial arts at the famous Shao Lin temple, and brought the techniques to Japan. He taught three Japanese masters who then started the three main branches of judo in Japan. In addition to all of this, Chen Yuan Yun also brought calligraphy to Japan. Chen befriended a Japanese monk, Zheng Yuan Zheng, and together they edited a volume on poetry entitled ”A Collection of Yuan Yuan（元元）Songs”.
Ideologically speaking, Chen Xiang was influenced by Tao Wang Ling of the Tai Zhou sect and tended toward Buddhism. Even though he had these Buddhist tendencies, he followed Daoist recluses of the time in criticizing Confucianism with the motto ”Not understanding Lao Zi and still criticizing him is akin to being an unfilial child.” （《老子精通考•虛用》） Chen preferred explaining Lao Zi through Buddhism, his poems fused Zhuang Zi with Zen Buddhism. The monk Yuan Zheng bestowed on him the honorific ”Great Guest from China”. Huang Shen of Kyoto has published a book called Chen Yuan. In their book ”Hubei Literary History”, Wang Qi Zhou and Wang Zhi Long thought it best to end with Chen Yuan Yun in their third volume of ”Late Ancient Literature”, but only mentioned Lin Yu Tang.

並列關鍵字

The Study of Lao Zi ； Judo Chen Xiang ； Yuan Zheng