當代士林哲學所提供的一套神秘經驗知識論－與馬雷夏懇談

An Epistemology of Mystical Experience as Expounded by Contemporary Scholasticism-A Dialogue with Maréchal

關永中(Carlo Kwan)

《哲學與文化》 25卷3期 (1998/03) Pp. 212-231

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.199803.0212

摘要

馬雷夏以「智的動力」作為核心概念、來貫串普通經驗與神秘經驗兩個認知領域。其普通經驗知識論說：「智的動力」指望著存有視域；其神秘經驗知識論接著說：此動力所渴的求的目標、可在神秘經驗中獲得某程度的滿全。站在知識論立場言，神秘經驗有其消極面與積極面：其消極面在乎認知功能在普通運作上之被壓伏；其積極面則在於「智的直覺」之被釋放與呈現。「智的直覺」乃理智本有的潛能、藉適當機緣而顯露，讓人當下「明心見性」地得見存有的「實相朗現」。「智的直覺」可因個人修維的深淺、與所處靈修派別之差異、而有不同程度的效果。然而，「智的直覺」的最圓滿的把握，應該就是「智的動力」所指望的無限圓滿境界－那絕對的靈之真截臨在。

關鍵字

智的動力 ； 智的直覺 ； 絕對的靈 ； 全福神視 ； 神秘經驗 ； 知識論 ； 自然論者 ； 一元論者 ； 有神論者 ； 巫祝論者

並列摘要

Using ”Intellectual Dynamism' as the key word, Maréchal managed to combine the field of epistemology of ordinary experience with that of mystical experience. Man's intellectual dynamism as anticipating the Horizon of Being can attain its partial fulfillment in mystical experience. From the epistemological viewpoint, mystical experience has both its negative as well as its positive aspect. It is negatively the temporary cessation of ordinary cognitive functions so as to positively release the extraordinary potentiality of the ”Intellectual Intuition” which enables a person to intuit into the Noumenon of the Absolute Infinite Being. Ideally speaking, the ultimate end as achieved by the intellectual intuition should coincide with the ultimate aim as anticipated by the intellectual dynamism. However, owing to the difference in one's spirituality and in one's progress, the result of the intellectual intuition actually attained can vary drastically for different mystics to the extent that we have highly different interpretations concerning the main contents of the Horizon of Being as revealed in one's mystical experience.

並列關鍵字

Intellectual Dynamism ； Intellectual Intuition ； Absolute Spirit ； Beatific Vision ； Mystical Experience ； Epistemology Naturalist ； Monist ； Theist ； Shamanist