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儒家《春秋》大一統思想政治歷史文化功能試探

The Epistemology of Wang Chuan Shan

摘要


儒學與大一統封建專制主義國家制度結合的功過是非,歷來是引起爭論的焦點。而如何理解儒家外王學說的核心《春秋》大一統思想的內在價值和外在功能,又是關鍵之所在。然而,由於其表述方式的隱諱,迄今,這仍是引起種種歧義的根源。本文認爲,儒家《春秋》大一統思想是尊王說與革命說的統一體,其價值理想與君主專制主義及「任力而不任德」的歷史進程是相背離的,於是迫使其不得不以「非常異議可怪之論」的表述方式與社會的實際進程結合起來。這種吊詭式的二重變奏的歷史結合方式,即人類理想與社會歷史進程的相互制約機制,是使中國沒有走上羅馬帝國分崩離析的道路,大一統局面延續兩千多年之久的根本原因。圍繞這一主題,本文涉及的諸多方面,亦自具特色,聊備一說。

並列摘要


Wang Chuan-Shan's ”Intuition Theory” is an important part of his overall philosophy. The theory of intuition includes a relationship between subject and object and includes the categories of ”neng suo” and ”shen xing”. This article examines the source, content, theory and practise of the notion of ”neng suo”. It also examines the internal and external principles of ”fa fu”, ”Si wei” and ”ji wu”. It explains the theory's form, spirit and material factors and their harmony and mutual ”xiang zhi”. This article investigates intuition and contrasts intuition with feeling and emotion. The mind's spirit finds its subject of contemplation in inference from intuition and judgment, thus achieving a rational moral intuition. This article then focuses on how one achieves knowledge. What is epistemological method? The answer lies in study and speculation, then how to put them into practise. From this perspective of study and contemplation, we make a critique of the ”chun gu zhe shi” and ”mm duan zhe shi” tendencies.

並列關鍵字

Neng Suo Shen Xing Xue Ci Ti Yung Ci Wei Yi Wu Nei Wai Jian Lui Xiang Zi Bing Jin

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