泰州學派的教育思想

The Tai Zhou School's Educational Philosophy

黃文樹(Wen-Shu Huang)

《哲學與文化》 25卷11期 (1998/11) Pp. 1018-1033

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.199811.1018

摘要

泰州學派從王艮創立學派宗旨以降，經顏鈞、王襞、羅汝芳、何心隱、李贄、焦竑、周汝登等後學發皇光大，一代勝似一代。他們「入山林求會隱逸，過市井啓發愚蒙」，明道於世，將教育普及於社會。為了建立「人人君子，比屋可封」的理想社會，他們揭櫫安身立命、成己成人、復明本心、追求人生真樂的敎育目的論。泰州學派除了採用儒家經典與佛敎義理作為敎材之外，也以詩歌形式編撰了許多淺明簡易的敎材，並就日用常行的家庭事務提掇敎授。學生們在他們的沿途聚講、口傳心授、問答討論、隨機指點及師友感化的敎學方法下，學習興趣濃厚，進步很快。泰州學派這種以社會為講場，以群眾為對象，以多種敎材為內容，以各樣敎法敎學的敎育活動，有今日社會敎育之面貌，更有成人敎育之實質。這些豐碩的成果，對於今日敎育仍有參考價值和啓示作用。

關鍵字

泰州學派 ； 教育思想 ； 王艮 ； 李贄

並列摘要

Abstract The Tai Zhou school was begun by Wang Gen and developed by the likes of Jing Yen Ehun, Wang Bi（王襞）, Luo Ru Fang, He Xin Yin, Li Eli, Jiao Hung and Zhou Ru Deng. Each generation of the school outdid the former.
Their theory of ”searching the solitude far in the mountains, bringing wisdom to the market place” （入山林求會隱逸，過市井戶啓發愚蒙）helped to establish universal education for society. They established the notion of an ideal society with their motto ”everyone can be a 'gentleman'” （人人君子，此屋可封）.
They advocated notions of spiritual and physical well being, completing oneself and completing others and returning to the original mind in pursuing an educational policy beneficial to happiness in life.
They employed easy to learn songs and poetry as well as Confucian and Buddhist classics in this pursuit. Ideally, students
would use these methods in happy interaction with teachers and other classmates. This would increase their desire to learn and they would progress quickly.
The Tai Zhou school, with their emphasis on social life and their multi-faceted teaching material and activities, has a modern face.
The results they achieved could be used for consideration in today's academic world.

並列關鍵字

Tai Ehou School Educational Philosophy ； Wang Gen Li Ehi