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希臘文動詞εlvαι(to be)—對柏拉圖《理想國》476d-480e的詮釋

The Greek verb ε l ν α l (to be)-An Interpretation of Plato's Republic 1760-480e

摘要


至今,在柏拉圖學者間,對於如何詮釋柏拉圖《理想國》476d-480e仍無定論。因為希臘文動词εlναι的語意含糊,具有多重意義,造成對這段文字詮釋上的困難。本文目的是在討論εlναι的各種不同的意義,進而找出最適於這段文字的解釋。第一部份是有關存在性意義的討論,第二部份是有關真實性意義的討論,第三部份是有關描述性意義的討論。在討論的過程中,我將指出為什麼第一與第二義的用法在這段原文中並不恰當,只有第三種意義可以給予這段原文完整而合理的詮釋。

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並列摘要


There is so far no agreement among Plato's commentators ass to how to interpret the Greek verb at v a t at the passage 476d-480e of the Republic. For the ambiguity and multi-meaning of the very cause difficulty in interpreting tne passage in question. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the different meanings of the verb ε l v a l to see which one of them is the suitable candidate for interpreting the present passage. The first part of this paper is on the existential sense of the verb; the second part is on the veridical sense; and the final part of the paper is on the predicative sense. In the course of discussion, I shall show the reasons why the first and second sense of the verb ε l v α l cannot fit on with the passage ,only can the third one give a complete and reasonable account of it.

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