生物醫學發展的倫理標準

生物科技突飛猛進，使吾人對基因的組成與認知，有著大幅進展，但伴隨而來倫理道德問題，卻造成社會與倫理的重衝擊。舉例而言，複製技術的出現原本是科學家對幹細胞的研究發展，但接踵而來的致基因改造食品、基因治療的觀念與及複製人等相關發展，就讓人應接不暇。而在另一方面，屬於人本身的倫理問題則更為複雜也更值得吾人嚴肅面對。本文認為，在面對倫理道德問題時，科學界以及醫學界應當擬定共同的認知與體認，藉著這個共識來制訂出一個共同的標準且努力的依照這個標準行事才有可能有序進行研究。這些標準的制訂應當是以嚴謹的態度，通過相關的委員會，以及國家層級的單位的審核所訂定，其委員會成員必須包蓋了各個領域的專業人士。如果大家都能遵循一個共同的標準而從事生物與醫學的研究，其衍生出的倫理問題，才可能獲得解決的可能。

關鍵字

生命權；複製；倫理原則

並列摘要

Rapid progress of biomedical technology not only greatly extended our understanding and knowledge about the secret of life but also significantly 1 improved our quality of living within the past decades. For instance, the genetically modified organisms and foods become widely used due to the advances in molecular biology and genetic engineering. The completion of the Human Genome Project along with the development of gene therapy provides a new way for the detection and the treatment of diseases. The emerging milestone technologies such as stem cells and cloning are destined for the basis of the next revolution in medicine. However, the challenges and impacts upon our traditional concepts of moral and ethics raised by these new technologies are even more tremendous. It is the time for us to take charge these issues and to raise concerns for the moral and ethical implications of these scientific advances. When ethical considerations regarding development and application of modem biotechnologies are reviewed, there should be a clear guideline that is commonly accepted and acknowledged by the field of science, medicine and the society, This guideline will serve as the criteria of practice as well as the perspective of the future development in biomedical science. The guideline should be set at the level of national standard and should be defined under precise and cautious considerations. The guideline should also be empowered via legislation to ensure its compliance. By this way, the moral and ethical conflicts against technologies can be resolved in peace and biomedical advances will then be beneficial.