從儒與禪的比較上來看儒家的道統傳承

On the Development of the Tradition of Dao from the Comparation of Confucianists' Culture and Chan

蘇樹華(Shu-Hua Su)

《哲學與文化》 30卷6期 (2003/06) Pp. 17-23

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.200306.0017

摘要

本文認為，儒家的道統傳承是由孔子至孟子這一時期，這一時期，由孔至孟，師師相傳，皆以「悟道」──徹證自心本性為標準。至孟子以後，儒家的道統便一直沉默，漢代董仲舒時期，也只是興起了對儒學的研究，但是，儒學研究與儒家道統並不是同一回事，儒學是屬於文化現象學的範疇，儒家道統是屬於實證自心本性的範疇，儘管從漢代董仲舒至唐朝這一時期儒學大興，儘管不乏其學術大成就者，但是，就「孔孟之道」而言，卻是無人能夠親證的。歷史再發展到唐宋，由達摩而來的禪宗一心法的弘揚，才使得中國讀儒書之人借禪宗得以豁然頓悟「孔孟之道」，歷史發展至此，由孟子失傳的道統才有人借禪宗得以親證，儒家文化才得以從根本上弘揚。

關鍵字

心性 ； 道 ； 悟道 ； 道統 ； 明心見性

並列摘要

As a Confucianists' tradition of Dao, the standard was always the realization of Dao from Confucius to Mencius, the Confucianists' tradition of Dao kept silent after Mencius and during the period of Dong Zhongshu, there just started to have a study of Confucianism, but the study of Confucianism was different from the Confucianists' tradition of Dao, the former belonged to the category of cultural phenomenology, but the latter was intended to prove that everybody naturally has the Dao. Despite there were many great achievers in the study of Confucianism from of Dong Zhongshu to the Dynasty, there hardly anybody made a thorough testimony of the doctrine of Confucius and Mencius. Along with the expanding of the Dama Chan, someone appeared to realize the Dao by the direct explanation of Dama Chan, the nature of Confucianists' Culture was nothing but a vivacious and unrestrained ultruism.

並列關鍵字

The nature of mind ； Dao ； The realization of Dao ； The tradition of Dao ； Understanding the nature of mind

參考文獻

論語‧里仁。

指月錄‧卷1。

孟子‧盡心上。

大學章句

指月錄‧卷14。