Archaeological excavations allow us to study ancient history in depth, and develop insights about the thought and culture of the societies of the ancient world. Archaeological studies and especially the excavation and analysis of ancient texts provide us with knowledge about life and thought in ancient China, and may be extremely helpful when considering the meaning and influence of various aspects of thought in ancient China. Archeological documents provide us with a more complex understanding of thought in ancient China. These documents may be analyzed from three perspectives: 1) the problem of orientation in the history and development of Confucian Thought 2) the concept of the body and 3) the study of ancient Chinese dictums. An attempt here is made to analyze archeological documents on the thought of ancient China using these three perspectives from a macroscopic level, with the hope of yielding fruitful insights on thought and society in ancient China.