論人的道德行爲與情／論德行與惡習及罪―《神學大全》中文版第四、五冊之評介

Treatise on Man's Moral Acts and the Passions/Treatise on Virtues, Bad Habits and Sins-On the Fourth and Fifth Volumes of the Chinese Edition of Summa Theologica

潘小慧(Hsiao-Huei Pan)

《哲學與文化》 36卷3期 (2009/03) Pp. 33-47

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.200903.0033

摘要

本文主要評介中世紀聖師多瑪斯大著《神學大全》（Summa Theolgiae或Summa Theologica,簡稱S. Th., 1266-1273）中文版的第四、五兩冊。首先，介紹《神學大全》一書的大致背景，以及中文版的第四、五兩冊於《神學大全》之定位。其次，以兩節的篇幅分別闡明第四、五兩冊的論述要點。如第四冊《論人的道德行為與情》主要處理「人的最終目的」（也就是「幸福」）、「人性行為」（即「人的道德行為」）以及「情」等問題。而第五冊《論德行與惡習及罪》的焦點則置於人的習慣／習性，多瑪斯將之定位於「人性行為的內在原理原則」，並以此來說明「德行」（即善習）與「罪惡」（即惡習）。最後，在肯定此《神學大全》中文版翻譯歷程之艱辛，以及套書出版之盛事，對華語界之再認識聖師多瑪斯龐大真理體系的居功厥偉之餘，提出幾個術語的中文翻譯可再商榷之處。

關鍵字

多瑪斯 ； 神學大全 ； 幸福 ； 道德行為 ； 人性行為 ； 情 ； 習慣 ； 德行 ； 德行倫理學

並列摘要

This paper is to comment on the fourth and fifth volumes of the Chinese edition of Summa Theologica, the masterpiece of Thomas Aquinas from the medieval age. First of all, we will introduce the general background of Summa Theologica as well as the statuses of the forth and fifth volumes in the whole work. Then there are two sections illustrate respectively the main topics of the two volumes. The fourth volume, Treatise on Man's Moral Acts and the Passions, mainly addresses such issues as the ”ultimate goal of man” (happiness), ”human acts” (man's moral acts) and ”passions”. And the fifth volume, Treatise on Virtues, Bad Habits and Sins, focuses on man's habits, which Aquinas defines as the ”internal principle of human acts” and explains virtues (good habits) and sins (bad habits) accordingly. Finally, after applauding the hardship of translating Summa Theologica into Chinese and how the grand event of publishing these volumes helps the Chinese world enormously to understand again Thomas Aquinas’s immense system of truth, we will point to the handful of terms of which the Chinese translations could be re-considered.

並列關鍵字

Thomas Aquinas ； Summa Theologica ； Happiness ； Moral Acts ； Human Acts ； Passion ； Habit ； Virtue ； Virtual Ethics

參考文獻

St. Thomas Aquinas (translated),Lottie H. Kendzierski(1984).On Charity (De Caritate).Milwaukee, Wisconsin:Marquette University Press.

St. Thomas Aquinas,Summa Theologica (trans.),Fathers of the English Dominican Province(1946).New York:Benziger Brothers.

St. Thomas Aquinas(1924).Summa Theologica.Parisiis:Sumptibus P. Lethielleux, Bibliopolae Editoris.

St. Thomas Aquinas(1961).Summa Theologica.Madrid:Biblioteca de Aotores Cristianos.

Clark, Mary T. (ed.)(1972).An Aquinas Reader.New York:Image Books.