哲學諮商方法論之形上基礎

從當代哲學諮商實務理論中發現，有些方法理論具備英美哲學的背景，如：馬瑞諾夫(Lou Marinoff) Peace法，或是瑞比(Peter B. Raabe)的FIIT法；有些則從歐陸哲學出發，如：阿肯巴哈(Gerd B. Achenbach)的超越法(beyond-method method)，甚至是德國新康德學派哲學家納爾遜(Leonard Nelson)改良蘇格拉底方法運用在團體諮商的蘇格拉底對話法。本文試圖探究，哲學諮商方法論是否具備哲學內涵之形上基礎。換言之，透過本文的研究希望能說明哲學諮商方法論所具備實務理論的普遍性。如果可以確立其普遍性的特徵，也許就能藉此特徵，進一步區分哲學諮商與心理諮商之根本差異。

關鍵字

哲學諮商；馬瑞諾夫；寧靜法；瑞比；存有論；形上學

並列摘要

It is found in the theories about the practice of contemporary philosophical counseling that some methodological theories have the background of English and American philosophy, such as Lou Marinoff's PEACE or Peter B. Raabe's FIIT. Some theories have their origins in continental philosophy, such as Achenbach's Beyond Method and even the Socratic Dialogue of Leonard Nelson, the German Kantian philosopher, who improves on Socrates' methodlogy and applies it to group couneling. Here it is intended to explore whether the methodlogy of philosophical counseling is metaphysically founded in philosophy. In other words, we wish to explicate the generality of pracical theories as possessed by the methodology of philosophical counseling. If these feataures of generality can be established, it is possible to whereby distingquish fundamentally philosophical counseling from psychological counseling.