從當代儒佛辯諍談中國哲學研究視野

本文探討當代中國哲學界對於儒佛辯諍問題的處理內涵，藉由二十世紀當代中國哲學家的意見，呈現此一議題的當代面貌。其中，梁漱溟先生是儒佛同置，熊十力先生是棄佛向儒，馮友蘭先生是詮釋儒佛，方東美先生是儒佛雙美，唐君毅先生是先儒後佛，牟宗三先生是高儒抑佛，勞思光先生是評議儒佛。基本上，佛教因為有它在世界觀，有因果業報觀，所以不能與儒家作平等的討論，若不能尊重佛教宇宙論的特殊立場，必然產生高儒貶佛的結論，衡諸當代七大家的作法，愈是了解佛教世界觀的系統，愈能尊重佛教的功能與價值，反之，就愈會站在儒家的立場批判佛教。筆者主張，儒佛兩家無法爭辯，互相理解、彼此欣賞才是最好的研究之道。

關鍵字

儒佛辯諍；梁漱溟；熊十力；馮友蘭；方束美；唐君毅；牟宗三；勞思光

並列摘要

Here we approach how the contemporary circle of Chinese philosophy deals with the argument between Confucianism and Buddhism, showing the contemporary scene of this issue through the opinions of twenty contemporary Chinese philosophers. Liang Shu-ming juxtaposed Confucianism and Buddhism; Xung Shi-li gave up Confucianism for Buddhism; Feng You-Ian interpreted both Confucianism and Buddhism; Thome H. Fang celebrated both Confucianism and Buddhism; Tang Jun-yi put Confucianism before Buddhism; Mou Zongsan praised Confucianism and suppressed Buddhism; and Lao Sze-kwang judged both Confucianism and Buddhism. Basically, due to its particular world view and concept of karma, Buddhism can't be discussed in relation to Confucianism on equal basis. The conclusion of praising Confucianism and suppressing Buddhism is inevitable if the particular cosmology of Buddhism is not respected. In view of these seven great contemporary philosophers, the more we understand the Buddhist world view, the more we would respect the function and value of Buddhism. On the other hand, if the Buddhism world view is not understood, one would judge Buddhism even more from the Confucian standpoint. In the writer's opinion, there is no argument between Confucianism and Buddhism, and the best approach is through mutual understanding and appreciation.