Mankind has for long been defining the purpose of transforming nature as fulfilling material needs. In ancient times, such kind of activities was considered animal-like and secular, condemned by free men and Christians. However, modern people rationalize the morality of material needs and see them as the ultimate pursuit of life. The disdain about the activities of transforming nature leads to the dominance of one part of people over another part of people, while the over-evaluation of material needs leads human beings' abuse of nature. Transforming nature is one of human beings' existential ways and purposeful activities, and the legitimacy of the purpose directly determines not only the effect of transforming nature but also the legitimacy of the existence and life of human beings. Transforming nature is not only to fulfill human beings' happiness but to, furthermore, fulfill the existential and ecological liberty of men as men, produce the whole world of nature and finally achieve the unity between virtue and happiness.