反諷的哲學涵義的流變

本文旨在梳理西方思想史上對反諷哲學概念形成起到關鍵作用的幾個時期。文章選取了蘇格拉底反諷，德國浪漫主義反諷和後現代反諷。每個歷史時期賦予反諷的概念不盡相同，文章要探討的是每個時期所面臨的最大的意識形態上的問題是什麼，這個問題是如何轉化成相應的反諷話語，最後又通過何種途徑得到緩解。本質性問題、反諷話語、解決途徑共同構成了本文對反諷哲學涵義流變歸納的主要結構。每個時期的社會歷史狀況決定了這個時期人們對反諷概念的理解。從這個意義上來說，反諷不單是話語方式，也不單是哲學思想，它還可以作為社會和歷史的指示器。

關鍵字

反諷和哲學；蘇格拉底反諷；德國浪漫主義反諷；後現代反諷

並列摘要

This paper aims to rationalize several critical periods during the forming process of irony's philosophical implications, namely Socratic irony, romantic irony and postmodem irony. Each period endowed with irony different conceptual implications. This work is to answer what are the major ideological problems facing each historical period, how this kind of problems switch to its corresponding ironic utterances and how the seriousness of these problems is alleviated. The evolvement of irony's philosophical implications is analyzed from three aspects: its essential issues, ironic utterance and its solution. People's understanding of irony is determined by the social and historical conditions of each period. From this perspective, irony is not only a way of speaking, or some philosophical thoughts, but also an indicator of certain society and history.