儒家思想的正統觀與兩岸交流前景：「中國印象調查」的實證初探

「正統觀」是中國經過數千年發展，形成的獨特史觀。其不僅形塑知識份子詮釋歷史的方式，同時也對普羅大眾的政治態度，產生深刻且長遠的影響。簡言之，正統觀是強調基於「血緣」與「文化」的傳承，而對特定對象持差別待遇的態度。就兩岸關係而言，正統觀表現在：臺灣民眾對中華文化與民眾的認同感，這可能是影響兩岸交流深化的關鍵因素。據此，本文從「正統觀」切入，並結合「2014年中國印象調查」與「有序勝算對數模型」檢證臺灣民眾對中國大陸印象的決定性因素。實證結果顯示：臺灣民眾對中華文化與民族的認同感愈高，則其對中國大陸的印象愈佳。此外，族群認同、統獨立場、政黨認同，以及年齡也是影響中國大陸印象的重要因素。再其次的原因為性別差異。相對而言，省籍認同與教育程度，則非影響中國大陸印象的主因。換言之，正統觀確實會影響臺灣民眾對中國大陸的印象。

關鍵字

正統觀；兩岸關係；中國印象；有序勝算對數模型；政治態度

並列摘要

Orthodoxy is a special historical view as a result of the development of Chinese history that shapes how the intellectuals interpret history but also affects the general public's attitudes toward politics. In other words, the orthodoxy is a discriminative attitude that emphasizes on the inheritance of ＂blood＂ and ＂culture.＂ In terms of the cross-strait relationship, the orthodoxy is expressed in Taiwan people's identification with Chinese culture and people, which may be the key to more profound cross-strait interflow. Therefore, based on the ＂2014 Research on the Impressions of China＂ and the ＂ordered logit models,＂ we examine what determines Taiwan people's impressions of China through the approach of orthodoxy. The positivist research results show that those who identify with Chinese culture and nation have better impressions of mainland China. Moreover, nation identification, the unification-independence position, party identification and age also affect significantly one's impressions about mainland China, while gender difference is also a factor. By contrast, ethnic identification and education levels are only minor factors. In other words, orthodoxy does affect Taiwan people's impressions of mainland China.