朱子「理一分殊」的理論詮釋與文化實踐

The Theoretical Interpretation and Cultural Practice of Zhu Xi’s “Li Yi Fen Shu”

陳振崑(Jen-Kuen Chen)

《哲學與文化》 43卷10期 (2016/10) Pp. 125-145

摘要

本文屬於應用哲學類型的論文，其問題意識分為三個層次：1.基本義理層次：就朱子所論「理」是否適合被翻譯為coherence（融貫），追問「理一分殊」的確切涵義為何？2.觀念框架層次：「理一分殊」具有何種固定邏輯結構的思考模型，可供社會文化領域應用？3.將形式的觀念框架如何運用於現象世界之社會文化不同領域層次？本文之論述安排：（一）回顧朱子所論「理一分殊」的詮釋傳統，以掌握「理一分殊」的義理內涵；（二）濟以參酌當代海內外學者束景南、大濱．晧、陳來、景海峰諸教授所進行辯證邏輯的義理分析，嘗試建構「理一分殊」所可能具有邏輯結構的觀念框架；以及（三）由蒙培元、劉述先與沈清松等教授所開展之道德文化的實踐功能，以印證或闡發此觀念框架的理論效力。筆者之研究目的嘗試闡發出朱子「理一分殊」的哲學理論意義、邏輯結構之觀念框架與可應用於社會文化的實踐功能，為展望一個講理的、多元和諧的當代中華文化與現代社會，尋求明體達用的思想理論基礎。

關鍵字

朱子 ； 理一分殊 ； 融貫性 ； 殊別性 ； 辯證邏輯 ； 跨文化哲學 ； 全球倫理

並列摘要

This article belongs to the category of applied philosophy and has three levels of problem consciousness: First, on the level of basic theory, is it appropriate to translate Zhu Xi's concept of ＂li＂ into ＂coherence＂ and what is the exact meaning of ＂li yi fen shu＂? Second, on the level of conceptual framework, does ＂li yi fen shu＂ have any thinking model of fixed logical structure that can be applied to the field of social culture? Third, how do we apply the formal conceptual framework to the various fields and levels of the social culture of the phenomenal world? This article proceeds as follows: first, reviewing the interpretational tradition of Zhu's theory of ＂li yi fen shu＂ in order to grasp its doctrinal immanence; second, referring to the dialectical analyses made by contemporary domestic and foreign scholars, such as Shu Jing-nan, Akira Ohama, Chen Lai and Jing Hai-fong, to establish a conceptual framework of ＂li yi fen shu＂ that might be structurally logical; third, proving or advocating the theoretical usefulness of this conceptual framework through the practical function of moral culture as developed by Meng Peiyuan, Liu Shu-xian and Vincent Shen. This article is meant to explain the philosophical meaning and logical framework of Zhu's ＂li yi fen shu＂ along with its practical function that can be applied to the social culture in order to hope for a reasonable, pluralistic and harmonious contemporary Chinese culture and modern society, looking for a philosophical foundation of ＂ming ti da yong＂ (understanding the system and putting it into practice).

並列關鍵字

Zhu Xi ； Li Yi Fen Shu ； Coherence ； Distinctiveness ； Dialectical Logic ； Cross-culture Philosophy ； Global Ethics

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