以問題取向的兒童哲學討論－以奧斯卡．柏尼菲《哲學．思考．遊戲》為例

Discussing Philosophy for Children with Question Orientation-The case of Philozenfants Series by Oscar Brenifier

呂健吉(Chen-Chi LU)

《哲學與文化》 44卷12期 (2017/12) Pp. 5-20

摘要

本文以問題取向的兒童哲學討論為題，而以奧斯卡．柏尼菲《哲學．思考．遊戲》的系列書籍做為實例探討，以下列四個層次來論述本論文的架構。首先以兒童問問題的形式與層次，來剖析「五W一H」的問題形式在兒童思考中的意義。其次則以奧斯卡．柏尼菲《哲學‧思考．遊戲》的文本分析做一探討，說明此一系列書的寫作方式強調以問題為取向，並以問題辯證做為整個思考遊戲的進行。第三，從問題取向來進行兒童哲學討論，說明問題如何運用在兒童哲學的討論。利用提問方法、反問思考，強化如何以問題來進行兒童哲學的思考方式。最後以柏尼菲問題取向在兒童哲學的運用，檢討如何透過柏尼菲的書籍來進行實際上兒童哲學的討論，並提出幾個方向與實際步驟去刺激兒童思考與想像。

關鍵字

問題 ； 奧斯卡．柏尼菲 ； 兒童哲學

並列摘要

The research focuses on discussing philosophy for children with question orientation, using Philozenfants series by Oscar Brenifier as an example. The followings are the four layers of the essay: First, the research uses the forms and levels of the questions children ask to analyze the meaning of 5W1H question form in children's thinking. Second, the research analyzes the context in Philozenfants series by Oscar Brenifier, explaining that the writing style of the series puts emphasis on question orientation, and the whole thinking game processes with the question dialectic. Third, discussing philosophy for children with question orientation explaining how questions are used in discussing philosophy for children. With the approach of questioning and answering a question with a question, the research reinforces how children can think in a philosophic way by questioning. Lastly, with the questions orientations Brenifier has applied in philosophy for children, the research exams how to use the series by Brenifier to discuss philosophy for children in reality, and provides several ways and practical steps to stimulate children to think and imagine.

並列關鍵字

Question ； Oscar Brenifier ； Philosophy for Children

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