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「內聖」的隱喻:論陽明學裡的「金」、「鍊」之喻

The Metaphor of "Inner Saint": A Research on Yang-ming School's Metaphors of "Gold" and "Forging"

摘要


本文以陽明學裡的「金」、「鍊」之喻為研究對象,藉由當代隱喻理論的分析,區分其中的隱喻概念為兩類四型。這四型隱喻概念分別是「理想的心(性)是純金」、「現實的心是金礦」、「工夫是鍊金術」、「知識是合金術」。前兩者屬於心性論類的隱喻,意在說理想道心的先天性和現實人心的複雜性。後兩者屬工夫論類的隱喻,意在指出工夫是否具有效力,取決於其能否契合心體的本質。此外,本文亦考察了這類隱喻在陽明弟子間的迴響,而特別以王龍溪為案例,討論此喻的發展。經由本文的探究後,我們當可確定「金」、「鍊」之喻在陽明學裡,確實是個關於「內聖」的經典隱喻。

關鍵字

王陽明 王龍溪 隱喻 心性論 工夫論

並列摘要


This article using the theory of metaphor to analyzed Yang-ming school's metaphor of "gold" and " forging", and defines their concepts into two modes and four types. The four types of metaphorical concepts are: "ideal mind is pure gold", "realistic mind is goldmine", "self-cultivation are alchemy", "knowledge are alloy skill". The former two are mode of mind-nature, it meant to explain the a priori of ideal mind and the complexity of realistic human mind. The latter two are mode of self-cultivated, it meant to confirm the validity of efforts are depends on whether it fits the characteristics' mind or not. Besides, this article is specifically study on Wan Ji, so that could explore these metaphors influenced in Yang-ming school. After the study, we shall find out that Yang-ming school's metaphors of "gold" and "forging" are the class examples of "inner saint".

參考文獻


宋朱熹、宋黎靖德編、王星賢點校(1994)。朱子語類。北京:中華書局。
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艾蘭張海晏譯(2002)。水之道與德之端:中國早期哲學思想的本喻。上海:上海人民出版社。

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