對於旅行意涵的探索：屬己的旅行以及與他者相遇的旅行

柯恩（Erik Cohen）在〈旅行經驗的現象學〉（A Phenomenology of Tourist Experiences）中提及以意義世界為中心的兩種旅行方式。對於工作與生活剛好與其意義世界相符合的人而言，旅行呈顯為暫時離開他所認同的生活、暫時離意義中心的休息。所過的正是自己所認同的生活，那麼旅行往往呈顯為暫時脫離意義中心的休息。與此相反，對於日常生活並不建立在其所肯認的價值中心的人而言，旅行往往呈顯為尋找意義中心的朝聖行動。但筆者觀察到，此兩種旅行方式似乎都環繞著意義中心而發生。如果依照柯恩所指出的不同的個體需要依附於不同的意義中心，而旅遊體驗正與此意義中心息息相關，那麼由此脈絡所展開的對於旅行意義的探索，似乎必須更進一步思考（1）如何突破刻板印象以及既有的意義中心的箝制，而在旅行體驗中實現意義再造行動？（2）旅行者是否或如何可能實現「屬己的」旅行？（3）是否或如何在行旅中發現自我的意義？

關鍵字

旅行；他者；身體性的視覺；體感化空間；凝視

並列摘要

In A Phenomenology of Tourist Experiences, Erik Cohen mentions two ways of tourism centered on the world of significance. For a person whose work and life are just in line with the world of significance, tourism appears to be a temporal break away from the life he agrees with and the spiritual center. Life is exactly what one agrees with, so travel often appears as temporal deviation from the spiritual center. In contrast, for people whose daily lives are alienated from the spiritual center of his own society, travel often appears as a pilgrimage to look for another spiritual center. But we observe that both touristic modes seem to occur around the spiritual center. If, according to Cohen, different individuals need to be attached to different centers of significance, and the tourist experience is tightly related to this spiritual center, then it seems that the exploration of the meaning of travel initiated by this context must be further considered: (1) How to break through the stereotypes and the constraint of the existing spiritual center and to achieve a reconstruction of significance in the tourist experience? (2) Whether or how the tourist could realize a ＂proper＂ touristic experience? (3) Whether or how to discover the meaning of Self during the travel?