監控下的黨外活動：以國家安全局檔案中的陳菊動態為中心（1978－1979）

既有研究指出，1970年代經由異議雜誌的經營與選舉活動的投入，使黨外人士得以相互串聯與組織，挑戰國民黨統治。這些研究多仰賴口述與回憶錄，說明黨外集體行動的形成過程。然而，這樣的研究受限於資料，而難以釐清國民黨政府如何看待黨外。本文運用新出土、監控陳菊的《國家安全局》檔案〈陳菊（青谷專案）〉，說明情治機關視角中的黨外活動，如何對於國民黨政府形成挑戰與威脅。國安局的檔案顯示，政府施壓黨外而產生的危機感，是促使黨外人士團結與串聯的原因之一。1978年6月，陳菊受警總搜索與被捕，刺激黨外跨世代地團結營救陳菊；美國政府對於案情的關切，又使國民黨備感壓力；陳菊獲釋後雖遭受質疑立場的流言傷害，但為了繼續參與黨外活動，因此不斷澄清，終而重獲黨外不同世代的信任與諒解。國安局為首的情治機關研判，陳菊的澄清過程具有串聯的效果，使黨外形成「無形之組織」。〈陳菊（青谷專案）〉顯示，逮捕陳菊而導致黨外跨世代集結的發展，實屬國民黨意料之外。不過黨外在危機中集結，卻也在選舉中分歧，而讓陳菊備感困擾。然而，黨外的分歧並未影響黨外組織化的走向，「美麗島雜誌社」的成立即顯示了黨外組織化的成果。

關鍵字

黨外；國民黨；陳菊；國家安全局；監控

並列摘要

Existing literature, mostly relying on oral history and memoirs of the Tangwai activists (political dissident), point out that the Tang-wai gradually became an organized opposition against the Kuomintang (KMT) rule through publishing dissident magazines and participating in elections. However, due to limited availability of the official sources, these studies could not describe how the KMT government viewed the Tang-wai. This article utilizes the newly disclosed archives at the National Security Bureau, specifically the ＂Operation of Green Valley＂ that recorded its surveillance on Chen Chu, in examining how the Tang-wai movement was seen as a challenge and a threat by the KMT government. The surveillance record reveals that a sense of crisis, caused by government repression, was a factor driving the Tang-wai activists to unite and connect with each other. Following the search and arrest of Chen Chu by the Taiwan Garrison Command in June 1978, different generations of the Tang-wai cooperated in an effort to rescue her. The U.S. government also expressed its concern on Chen's case and exerted pressure on the KMT. After her release, Chen was troubled by rumors that questioned her loyalty to the cause. She kept dispelling the rumors with clarifications and finally regained trust and understanding from her Tang-wai colleagues. The security agencies concluded that Chen's clarifications enhanced communications within the Tang-wai and helped form ＂an informal organization.＂ This was a development unexpected by the KMT. The Tang-wai became united in this crisis but also experienced division during the 1978 elections, which worried Chen. However, those splits did not stop the push for further organization of the Tang-wai, and the founding of the Formosa Magazine was an important result.