花蓮地區心臟衰竭病患對疾病認知、態度及自我照顧行為相關性之探討

The Knowledge, Attitudes and Self-care Behavior of Patients with Heart Failure in Hualien

林敏玲(Min-Lling Lin) ； 邱艷芬(Yann-Fen C. Chao)

《慈濟醫學雜誌》 13卷1期 (2001/03) Pp. 57-64

https://doi.org/10.6440/TZUCMJ.200103.0057

摘要

目的：本研究旨在瞭解花蓮地區心臟衰竭病患的疾病認知、態度及自我照顧行為，及相關的影響因素。病人與方法：以花蓮地區三所教學醫院之病房及門診的心臟衰竭病患為對象，以自擬之結構性問卷為研究工具，採問卷訪跡及病歷回顧方式收集資料，共收案104位病患。結果：病患的疾病認知平均答對率為60%，「藥物」方面的知識較佳，「疾病及危險因子」的認知較差。對疾病持中立的態度，以「對自我照顧行為之態度」的得分較高。在自我照顧行為方面，以「日常保健行為」較佳。花蓮地區心臟衰竭病患對疾病認知、態度及自我照顧行為三者呈正相關。結論：花蓮地要心臟衰竭病患的疾病認知普遍不足，對疾病的態度雖然正向，但欠積極且自我照顧行為均不理想；病房病患在疾病認知、態度及自我照顧行為上的表現較門診病患差；心臟衰竭病患疾病認知、態度及自我照顧行為之間為正相關，彼此相互影響。另發現原住民病患在自我照顧行為得分較低，雖無統計上差異，但仍建議加強病患及家屬的護理指導，提供心理社會支持，培育原住民為護理專業人才，對特定族群提供衛生教育。

關鍵字

心臟衰竭 ； 疾病認知 ； 疾病態度 ； 自我照顧行為

並列摘要

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, self-care behaviors, and related factors affecting patients with congestive heart failure in Hualien. Patients and Methods: Subjects were recruited from patients hospitalized or receiving out-patient clinical care at three teaching hospitals in Hualien. After informed consent was obtained, a self-designed, structured questionnaire was used for interviews and data collection. A total of 104 subjects were included. Results: About 60.0% of patients had correct responses to questions concerning knowledge of disease. Scores in the ”drugs” category were good (mean score 82.5%) but scores in the ”diseases and risk factors” category were not as good (mean score 13.3%). They had ”moderate attitude”(mean score 3.8±0.5) toward disease, with a higher score in ”self-care behaviors”(mean score 3.7±0.7). In this category, daily health maintenance had the best score (mean 3.7±0.8). Knowledge, attitudes, and self-care behaviors of patients were positively correlated. Conclusion: Patients' knowledge of their disease was poor, their attitude toward disease was moderate and their self-care behaviors were inadequate. The knowledge, attitudes, and self-care behaviors of hospitalized patients were not as good as those of OPD patients. Knowledge, attitudes, self-care behaviors of patients was positively correlated. Since aboriginal patients scores less is self-care behavior although it is not statistical signification. For these results we suggest that nurses increase patient and family teaching and provide psychosocial support. It is also suggested that aboriginal nurses be encouraged to serve aboriginal patients to provide more appropriate and needed health teaching.

並列關鍵字

congestiveheart failure ； knowledge ； attitude ； self-care behavior