磚墻灰縫剪力強度及面內力作用下墻體破壞行為實驗探討

Experimental Study of Bond-Shear Strengty and Damage Behaviour for Brick Wall Subjected to In-Plane Load

王貞富(Chen-Fu Wang) ； 張嘉祥(Ja-Shian Chang)

《建築學報》 41期 (2002/10) Pp. 93-106

摘要

本文以不同配比以及不同垂直壓應力下之試體探討磚牆灰漿剪力強度，並製作12道正方形半B厚磚牆，施加對角面內力來探討磚牆之破壞行為以及極限載重。磗牆試體共分成四類，分別用來探討影響參數：灰縫剪力強度、垂直應力、牆體高寬比、以及開口率與極限載重之關係。
灰漿試驗結果顯示在無垂直應力下，灰縫剪力強度與砂漿抗壓強度之平方根成正比。在有垂直應力作用下，灰縫剪力強度增加，增加之原因主要來自灰縫與磚面之摩擦係數（約為0.82）。而牆試體在灰縫剪力強度越大、砂漿與磚塊抗壓強度比值越高、橫縫之垂直應力越大、施力角度越大時，試體中磚塊遭劈裂的數量也就越多，而對應之極限載重也越大。而開口率增加，磚牆之破壞模式即偏向撓曲與剪滑模式，對應之極限載重也急遽減少。綜合試驗結果，本文建議磚牆之水平極限載重預測公式，此公式可用於磚造歷史建築物之結構安全評估。

關鍵字

磚墻 ； 面內力 ； 灰縫剪力強度 ； 極限載重 ； 高寬比

並列摘要

In this study specimens with various cement/sand ratios under different normal stresses are　tested for obtaining the bond-shear strength of the brick wall.　Twelve brick wall specimens　(about1m×1m)　were subjected to in-plane diagonal loads for investigating the damage behavior and ultimate　load strength.　The influence factors considered include bond-shear strength,　normal stress,　height/width ratio,　and open rate.
The test of bond-shear strength indicates that the shear strength is proportional to the square　root of the mortar compressive strength for cases without normal stress.　If normal stress is added,　the strength will be increased due to the friction coefficient between the bond and brick surface,　which is 0.82.
The wall specimen tests show that increasing the mortar strength,　normal stress to the bed　joint,　and increasing the angle of the applied load,　will increase the in-plane ultimate load.　However,　as the opening ratio is increased,　the in-plane ultimate load will decrease significantly.　The test　results are summarized into an empirical formula for evaluating the ultimate load of brick masonry　wall.　This formula could be used in structural assessments for historic brick masonry buildings.

並列關鍵字

Brick Wall ； In-Plane Load ； Shear Strength of Bond ； Ultimate Load ； Height/width Ratio

參考文獻

American Society for Testing and Materials(1988).Standard Test Method for Diagonal Tension (Shear) in Masonry Assemblages.

Drysdale, R. G., Hamid, A. A., Baker, L. R.(1994).Masonry Structures Behavior and Design.New Jersey:Prentice Hall.

Hendry, A. W.(1991).Reinforced and Prestressed Masonry.New York:John Wiley ＆ Sons.

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