探究CD8+T細胞在不同自體免疫疾病中所扮演的角色

醫學研究顯示，CD8+T細胞具有促使致病性自體免疫炎症反應的起始、進展以及上／下雙向調節的功能。之前的研究對於CD8+T細胞在自體免疫反應中所扮演的角色重要性並不十分清楚。目前已瞭解CD8+T細胞可以經由辨認靶細胞上的胜肽－MHC分子複合物，直接殺死靶細胞；或是藉由分泌死亡受體之配體或細胞激素與靶細胞上之死亡受體結合，傳遞死亡信號，造成細胞凋亡。亦可經由穿孔素／顆粒酶介導之細胞毒殺途徑而殺死靶細胞。自體反應性CD8+T細胞也會釋放細胞激素增強靶細胞毒性，或是分泌可吸引其它免疫細胞之趨化激素，而導致自體免疫性炎症反應的進展。同時CD8+T細胞也具有向下調節免疫反應的功能。近年來重要的研究進展，包括瞭解在各種不同自體免疫疾病中，導致自體反應性CD8+T細胞的活化、再增強、造成組織損傷、產生細胞激素和趨化激素等作用機轉，更期待進一步探究這些CD8+T細胞在自體免疫機制中所扮演各種不同角色功能之重要性。

關鍵字

自體免疫疾病；自體反應性CD8+T細胞； Fas介導細胞毒殺途徑；穿孔素／顆粒酶介導細胞毒殺途徑；細胞激素；趨化激素

並列摘要

Many evidences showed that CD8+T cells contribute to the initiation, progression and regulation of several pathogenic autoimmune responses in which these cells were not previously thought to play a major role. CD8+T cells can kill target cells directly, by recognizing peptide-MHC complexes on target cells, or indirectly, by secreting cytokines capable of signaling through death recaptors expressed on the target cell surface. Autoreactive CD8+T cells can also contribute to autoimmunity by releasing cytokines capable of increasing the susceptibility of target cells to cytotoxicity, or by secreting chemokines that attract other immune cells to the site of autoimmunity. Autoreactive CD8+T cells can also downregulate autoimmune responses. Recent important advances include a mechanistic understanding of events leading to the activation and recruitment of autoreactive CD8+T cells in certain autoimmune responses and a greater appreciation of the diverse roles that these T cells play in autoimmunity.

並列關鍵字

Autoimmune diseases ； Autoreactive CD8+T cells ； Fas-mediated killing pathway ； Perforin/Granzyme-mediated killing pathway ； Cytokines ； Chemokines

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探究CD8+T細胞在不同自體免疫疾病中所扮演的角色

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