靈性照顧之臨床運用

Clinical Application of Spiritual Care

杜明勳(Ming-Shium Tu)

《內科學誌》 19卷4期 (2008/08) Pp. 318-324

https://doi.org/10.6314/JIMT.2008.19(4).05

摘要

每個人都具有靈性，靈性是每一個人與生俱來的能力，它無形中浮現於個人日常生活態度與行爲中。當過到重大挫折或喪失時，它更容易顯現。靈性的成長則是個人處於困難環境時，在調適過程中個人心靈力量的提升，找尋個人生存意義與生命的定位。它有助於個人生活態度之整合與生命意義之實踐。在臨床病患照顧中，特別是重大疾病或長期慢性疾病，除了身體機能的照顧與維持，病患心理之焦慮與憂鬱，都可能與個人生病後自我調適時所抱持的態度有關。在醫學與護理訓練過程中，我們經常提及全人照顧，但是我們最常見到的還是疾病的處置，或許加上些許心理的安撫，但真實的心靈照顧卻仍不足。其中，當然涉及靈性之定義不易，隨之而後的照顧內涵及範圍就更含糊了。因此，本文將列舉數例簡單說明靈性在個人疾病調適中的角色，並闡述靈性與靈性照顧之意涵及方法。希望本文能有助於全人醫療之推廣，並對於有志從事全人照護之醫療人員有所助益。

關鍵字

疾病調適 ； 靈性 ； 靈性照顧

並列摘要

Spirituality is an innate part of human. It will emerge out of people's attitude and behavior during individual's daily activity, especially when in confronting with a significant distress or loss. Spiritual growth is the promoting of one's spiritual strength through both the process of adaptation to the sufferings and the searching for the meaning of life. It helps people integrate their attitude of life and accomplish their meaning of life. In the practice of patient care, especially in front of severe or chronic disabling disease, patient's illness care plan, emotional anxiety and depression are all related to individual's attitude during the course of disease adaptation. In the process of medical or nursing education, we have been frequently mentioning the holism, but we are still accustomed to the disease management and, sometimes, psychological pacification. The spiritual care is yet insufficient. This may be due to the ambiguity of the definition of spirituality and the uncertainty of the scope of spiritual care. This article demonstrates the significance of spirituality during one's trajectory of disease adaptation, and illustrates the contents and method of spiritual care. This article will be helpful to both the promotion of holistic care in medicine and the physicians and nurses devoted to a humanistic care.

並列關鍵字

Disease adaptation ； Spirituality ； Spiritual care