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反覆出現的良性甲狀腺囊腫之處置:超音波導引下經皮酒精注射治療

The Management of Recurrent Cystic Benign Thyroid Nodules: Ultrasound-Guided Ethanol Injection Therapy

摘要


甲狀腺結節(thyroid nodules)是很常見的一個疾病,絕大多數都是良性且無症狀的,但部分結節可能造成壓迫或是外觀上的困擾。有些甲狀腺結節是以液體為主的囊腫性結節(cystic nodules),囊腫性結節通常以細針抽吸做為初步的細胞學診斷及治療,單純抽吸後可讓囊腫性結節體積變小,但復發(recurrent)的比率很高。反覆出現的良性甲狀腺囊腫治療方法除了開刀將囊腫性結節切除之外,也可以使用超音波導引下經皮酒精注射治療,根據目前的證據顯示是安全而且有效的治療方式。甲狀腺囊腫的復發率在酒精注射治療後降至20%以下,如果經過酒精注射治療後仍然反覆復發的病人,第二線治療可以選擇酒精注射治療加上射頻消融術(radiofrequency ablation, RFA)或改用外科手術治療。

並列摘要


Thyroid nodules are common disease in our clinical practice. Most of the nodules are benign and asymptomatic, whereas, some of the nodules cause compressive symptoms or cosmetic concerns. Some proportions of the nodules are cystic and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration is usually performed for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment but with high recurrence rate. In addition to surgery, the efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection therapy for the management of pure cysts or predominantly cystic nodules has been well documented. The recurrent rate could be decreased to under 20% by percutaneous ethanol injection therapy. If recurrence occurs after ethanol injection, combination of ethanol injection plus radiofrequency ablation or operation can be a second line treatment.

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