Biomechanical Analysis of dynamic Manual Materials Handling Model

動態人工物料搬運模型之生物力學分析

張作為(Tso-Wei Chang)

《工業工程學刊》 21卷5期 (2004/09) Pp. 475-483

https://doi.org/10.29977/JCIIE.200409.0006

摘要

儘管愈來愈強調自動化，人工物料搬運仍是工作場作中不可避免活動。人工物料搬運活動由於其靈活及便利性，故無法被自動化設施取代。本項研究在於對人工物料搬運活動提出一動態生物力學分析方法，發展出三度空間動態生物力學模型用以估算於在非對稱人工物料搬運活動之下背部壓力。靜態生物力學模型是以三角幾何學人體測計為基礎，動態生物力學模型則將身體於加速活動時身體軀幹之慣性作用力效應列入考慮，下背部壓力以背部彎曲角度與身體扭轉角度為函數。研究結果顯示動態力學分析時，當因加速動作產生對下背部之剪切力的變化最為顯著。

關鍵字

人工物料搬運 ； 非對稱 ； 下背痛 ； 動態力學模型 ； 人因工程

並列摘要

Manual material handling (MMH) is a traditional method of transporting goods and is still unavoidable in many work places. Despite the emphasis on the computer age and automation, the manual material handling cannot be replaced by automated handling equipment, due to its flexibility and availability. The research presented a dynamic biomechanical analysis of MMH activities. The three-dimensional dynamic biomechanical model was developed to estimate the low back stresses during asymmetric manual materials handling activities. Basically, the static biomechanical study based on a trigonometric and anthropometric model. The dynamic model takes into consideration the effect of inertial force due to acceleration of the body segment mass, therefore the joint reaction forces for the low back could expressed as functions to back angles and twisting angles. For dynamic analysis, the results indicate that the shear force changed significantly with the introduction of acceleration.

並列關鍵字

Manual materials handling ； Aasymmetric ； Low back disorder ； Dynamic model ； Ergonomic

參考文獻

Andersson, G. B. J.,J. M. Winters,Winters, J. M.,Woo, S. L. Y.(1990).Role of muscles in postural tasks: Spinal loading and postural stability.In Multiple Muscle Systems: Biomechanics and Movement Organization.337-395.

Clauser, C. E.,J. T. McConville,J. W. Young(1969).Weight, volume, and center of mass of segments of the human body.AMRL-TR-69-70, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio: Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, USAF.

Drillis, R.,R. Contini(1966).Body segment parameters.(Report NO. 1166-03 (Office of Vocational Rehabilitation, Department of Health, Education and Welfare)).

Drury, C. G.,J. M. Deeb,B. Hatrman,S. Wooley,C. E. Drury,S. Gallagher(1989).Symmetric and asymmetric manual materials handling-part Ⅰ: Physiology and psychophysics.Ergonomics.32,467-489.

Drury, C. G.,C. H. Law,C. S. Pawenski(1982).A survey of industrial box handling.Human Factors.24,553-565.